在开普敦,青少年患有结核病的心理社会经验
Dillon T Wademan1, Mfundo Mlomzale1, Arlene J Marthinus1
1Desmond Tutu TB Centre, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.
PLOS global public health
|September 20, 2024
概括
结核病 (TB) 严重影响青少年,造成严重的社会心理困扰,教育受损,社会联系受损. 应对这些独特的挑战需要为青少年及其家人提供综合的社会和经济支持计划.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 青少年健康 青少年健康
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
背景情况:
- 青少年 (10-19岁) 每年占全球结核病 (TB) 病例的近10%.
- 与其他年龄组相比,青少年面临着与结核病护理,耻辱和结核病对幸福感的影响有关的独特和严重的挑战.
- 青少年患有结核病的心理社会背景和生活经验尚未得到充分理解.
研究的目的:
- 在青少年心理社会背景下探索青少年与结核病的经历.
- 描述结核病对青少年福祉的影响.
- 了解结核病及其治疗如何影响青少年的社会家庭关系.
主要方法:
- 在南非开普敦进行的前性观察队列研究 (青少年结核病).
- 招募了50名新确诊结核病的青少年 (多药耐药和对药物敏感).
- 用于纵向数据收集 (2020年12月 - 2021年9月) 的嵌套定性子样本 (n=20).
主要成果:
- 青少年报告说,他们生活在处境不利的社区,暴力,贫困和失业率很高.
- 结核病的诊断和治疗导致了社会隔离,友的丧失,因耻辱而造成的紧张家庭关系.
- 青少年经历了显著的心理健康下降,包括抑郁,丧和自杀念头.
- 由于长时间的缺席,学校和就业机会严重受到干扰.
结论:
- 青少年对结核病的心理社会经验绝对是负面的,加剧了现有的脆弱性.
- 结核病对青少年的心理健康,社会融入和教育/经济未来产生深远影响.
- 未来的研究和干预应集中在社会保护计划上,为结核病青少年及其家人提供心理社会和经济支持.
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