七个拉丁美洲国家的痴呆风险因素的人口归因分数:使用横截面调查数据进行分析
Regina Silva Paradela1, Ismael Calandri2, Natalia Pozo Castro3
1Division of Geriatrics, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil; Global Brain Health Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
The Lancet. Global health
|September 20, 2024
概括
像肥胖,不活动和抑郁症这样的痴呆症风险因素在拉丁美洲比全球估计高. 公共卫生战略可以针对这些可修改的风险进行预防.
科学领域:
- 神经学 神经学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 在全球范围内,40%的痴呆病例与12个可修改的风险因素有关.
- 这些风险因素在拉丁美洲的具体影响以前是未知的.
研究的目的:
- 确定7个拉丁美洲国家的12个可修改的痴呆风险因素的人口归因分数 (PAF).
主要方法:
- 利用了来自阿根廷,巴西,玻利维亚,智利,洪都拉斯,墨西哥和秘鲁的七项全国代表性横截面调查 (2015-2021) 的数据.
- 评估了12个可修改的风险因素,包括教育不足,听力损失,高血压,肥胖,吸烟,抑郁,社会隔离,身体不活动,糖尿病,过度饮酒,空气污染和创伤性脑损伤.
- 使用国家特异性流行率和元分析相对风险计算权重人口归因分数 (PAFs),并从随机效应元分析中得出的聚合PAFs.
主要成果:
- 在拉丁美洲,痴呆症的PAF总量为54.0% (95% CI 48.8-59.6).
- 权重的PAF因国家而异,智利 (61.8%),阿根廷 (59.6%) 和墨西哥 (55.8%) 的比例最高.
- 肥胖 (7%),身体不活动 (6%) 和抑郁 (5%) 被确定为该地区的主要可修改的风险因素.
结论:
- 拉丁美洲对痴呆症的PAF估计超过了以前的全球估计,突出显示了地区的脆弱性.
- 肥胖,身体不活动和抑郁症成为拉丁美洲痴呆症预防策略的关键目标.
- 调查结果强调,需要量身定制的公共卫生干预措施,以减轻整个拉丁美洲人口的痴呆风险.
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