突出异常阻力训练:对男性和女性运动员身体表现的影响
Carlos Galiano1, Pablo Floria2, Alejandro Muñoz-López3
1Department of Communication and Education, Universidad Loyola Andalucía, Seville, Spain.
Journal of sports sciences
|September 22, 2024
概括
突出异常阻力训练 (RT) 改善了男性和女性运动员的垂直跳跃表现. 这种训练方法在两性之间产生了类似的力量和性能适应,尽管男性产生更大的力量.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 生物力学 生物力学
背景情况:
- 异常训练,特别是突出异常阻力训练 (AERT),越来越多地被认为具有提高运动表现的潜力.
- 了解针对AERT的基于性别的差异对于优化男性和女性运动员的训练计划至关重要.
- 之前的研究表明,在力量和力量发展方面存在潜在的基于性别的差异,需要对AERT跨性别有效性的调查.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较一个为期6周的AERT计划对男性和女性运动员体力表现的影响.
- 调查AERT是否在两种性别中引起类似的强度和与强度相关的适应.
- 分析垂直跳跃,冲刺和方向变化 (COD) 性能的变化,以及通过地面反应力测量的强度增长.
主要方法:
- 21名男性和21名女性运动员参与了这项研究.
- 参与者每周两次进行半坐练习,持续6周,使用旋转惯性装置.
- 在异常阶段,AERT涉及提升2倍的同心负荷,绝对负荷在两性之间均等.
主要成果:
- 在干预后,男性和女性两组的垂直跳跃性能显著改善 (p < 0.001).
- 冲刺和改变方向 (COD) 的表现在两组中都没有显著变化.
- 同心和偏心力从第1次到第4次增加,峰值偏心力继续增加到第12次 (p = 0.009).
结论:
- 在男性和女性运动员中,AERT有效地提高了垂直跳的性能.
- 尽管男性产生更大的力量,但AERT的结果在两性之间具有可比的力量和与力量相关的适应性.
- 这些发现表明,AERT是一种可行的训练策略,可以改善男性和女性运动员的特定体能指标.
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