个性化优势指数的初步评估,以确定哪些个人可以从基于正念的认知治疗中受益,以预防自杀
Catherine E Myers1, Chintan V Dave2, Megan S Chesin3
1Research and Development Service, VA New Jersey Health Care System, East Orange, NJ, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA.
Behaviour research and therapy
|September 22, 2024
概括
一个新的算法,即个性化优势指数 (PAI),可以预测哪种自杀预防治疗,即基于正念的自杀预防认知疗法 (MBCT-S) 或增强的常规治疗 (eTAU),对个体退伍军人来说是最好的. 在临床试验中,PAI引导的分配改善了临床试验的结果.
科学领域:
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
- 数据科学数据科学数据科学
背景情况:
- 自杀仍然是一个重要的公共卫生问题,特别是在退伍军人中.
- 确定最佳的,个性化的自杀预防策略对于改善患者的治疗结果至关重要.
- 预防自杀的基于正念认知疗法 (MBCT-S) 和增强常规治疗 (eTAU) 是两种潜在的干预措施.
研究的目的:
- 开发和评估一种治疗匹配算法,即个性化优势指数 (PAI),以预测对MBCT-S与eTAU的差异性治疗反应.
- 确定高自杀风险的退伍军人治疗反应的预测因素.
主要方法:
- 分析了一项随机临床试验,涉及140名自杀高风险的退伍军人.
- 随机森林模型被用来预测12个月内发生的自杀事件,使用55个人口,临床和神经认知变量.
- 为指导治疗分配,开发了一个个性化优势指数 (PAI).
主要成果:
- 对于MBCT-S的预测模型显示了比eTAU (AUC=0.63) 稍微更好的表现 (AUC=0.70).
- 对于MBCT-S的关键预测因素包括PTSD诊断和决策效率;对于eTAU,他们包括过去一年的住院治疗和自杀念头严重程度.
- 被分配给他们PAI指示的最佳治疗的退伍军人经历了更少的自杀事件.
结论:
- 以PAI为指导的治疗指派显示出增强自杀预防结果的前景.
- 需要进一步的研究来完善模型的准确性,并在现实世界实施之前评估可通用性.
相关概念视频
Cognitive Therapy
146
Cognitive therapy, pioneered by Aaron T. Beck in the 1960s, is a structured approach to addressing psychological distress by focusing on the influence of thoughts on emotions and behaviors. All cognitive therapies involve the basic assumption that human beings have control over their feelings, and that how individuals feel about something depends on how they think about it. Unlike psychoanalytic methods that delve into unconscious processes or humanistic approaches emphasizing...
146
Interpersonal Psychotherapy
23
Interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) is a structured, time-limited therapeutic approach initially developed to treat depression. It integrates key concepts from psychodynamic, humanistic, and cognitive-behavioral therapies, making it a uniquely eclectic framework. The therapy is rooted in the interpersonal theories of Adolph Meyer and Harry Stack Sullivan, as well as John Bowlby's attachment theory, and focuses on the interplay between interpersonal relationships and emotional well-being.
23
Elements Crucial for Effective Psychotherapy
34
Research has highlighted several critical factors that influence the effectiveness of psychotherapy, such as the therapeutic alliance, the therapist, and the client.
The Therapeutic Alliance
The therapeutic alliance refers to the relationship between the therapist and the client. The alliance strengthens when the therapist and the client engage in a nurturing, supportive, trusting, empathetic, and respectful relationship, improving therapeutic outcomes. Therapists must monitor this relationship...
The Therapeutic Alliance
The therapeutic alliance refers to the relationship between the therapist and the client. The alliance strengthens when the therapist and the client engage in a nurturing, supportive, trusting, empathetic, and respectful relationship, improving therapeutic outcomes. Therapists must monitor this relationship...
34
Stress Prevention and Stress Management Techniques I
41
Stress prevention and management are crucial for maintaining well-being and building resilience. Techniques to manage stress include cultivating qualities like conscientiousness, a sense of personal control, and self-efficacy. Each of these traits significantly reduces stress and promotes healthier lifestyle choices and outcomes.
Conscientiousness
Conscientious individuals tend to be organized, responsible, and disciplined. They prioritize completing tasks and following structured routines,...
Conscientiousness
Conscientious individuals tend to be organized, responsible, and disciplined. They prioritize completing tasks and following structured routines,...
41
Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy
44
Cognitive-behavioral therapies (CBTs) are grounded in the belief that our thoughts profoundly influence our emotions and actions. Advocates of CBT emphasize three core assumptions: first, that cognitions are identifiable and measurable; second, that they are central to psychological functioning; and third, that irrational or maladaptive beliefs can be replaced with rational and adaptive ones. This transformative approach to therapy has paved the way for specific models such as Albert...
44
Stress Prevention and Stress Management Techniques VI
27
Adopting a healthier lifestyle often requires overcoming significant challenges, but leveraging psychological, social, and cultural resources can facilitate meaningful change. Effective self-change hinges on understanding and applying key tools such as motivation and goal setting, which help sustain efforts toward long-term health benefits.
Motivation and Self-Determination
Motivation, the driving force behind behavior, plays a pivotal role at every stage of the change process. The research...
Motivation and Self-Determination
Motivation, the driving force behind behavior, plays a pivotal role at every stage of the change process. The research...
27


