外围目标在刺激眼睛运动中的作用
1Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, Italy.
Psychology of sport and exercise
|September 22, 2024
概括
专业运动员在使用欺骗性的运动策略时使用更多的眼动,特别是小的动,例如无视传球,这表明注意力控制的转变. 这与业余爱好者形成鲜明对比,这表明专业知识在复杂的戏剧中会影响视觉处理.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
- 眼科医生 眼科 眼科
背景情况:
- 欺骗性的体育策略,如无视传球,依赖于复杂的认知和视觉处理.
- 了解自上而下的 (目标导向) 和自下而上的 (刺激驱动) 注意力之间的相互作用对于解释专家表现至关重要.
- 微小的眼球和小的眼球是快速的眼球运动,可能在调节注意力转移方面发挥作用.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究如何上下和自下而上的注意力过程在欺骗性体育策略中影响眼睛的运动.
- 检查专业知识在调节隐蔽注意力转移和相关的顺序活动中的作用.
- 为了确定如何微和小的saccades调节专家运动员的注意力过程,执行无视传球.
主要方法:
- 实验1:在底向上注意力条件下,业余运动员和专业运动员之间比较了摇摆特征 (振幅,峰值速度).
- 实验二:研究了专业篮球运动员在上下和下向上之间注意力转移的情况.
- 采用了眼动跟踪,特别专注于微分和小分的运动.
主要成果:
- 与专家相比,业余运动员表现出更大的动幅度和更快的峰值速度.
- 专家运动员在自下而上的注意力条件下做了更多的微动作.
- 在自上而下的状态下,专家运动员被要求进行更多的小动,这表明视觉探索和决策犹增加了.
结论:
- 在欺骗性体育策略的背景下,自上而下的注意力过程似乎引起了更多的眼睛运动,而不是自下而上的过程.
- 在自上而下的条件下,缺乏强大的外部"视野"可能需要运动员进行更积极的视觉扫描.
- 专家运动员在自上而下的场景中增加的动活动反映了在执行复杂的,欺骗性的机动时,更有意识和"犹"的视觉搜索模式.
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