景观背景在塑造非洲可可种植园中的蝙蝠群体中的作用
Diogo F Ferreira1, Crinan Jarrett2, Patrick Jules Atagana3
1CIBIO-InBIO, Research Centre in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, University of Porto, Campus de Vairão, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal; BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Campus de Vairão, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal; Biodiversity Initiative, Houghton, MI, USA.
The Science of the total environment
|September 22, 2024
概括
非洲可可农场的蝙蝠社区是由景观背景塑造的. 吃昆虫的蝙蝠更喜欢自然息地,而吃水果的蝙蝠和吃花蜜的蝙蝠则利用水和人类定居点的区域,这对于可持续的可可种植至关重要.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 保护生物学 保护生物学
- 农业科学 农业科学
背景情况:
- 可可生产是非洲的主要出口产品,推动了森林砍伐,影响了依赖大型空间尺度资源的蝙蝠种群.
- 蝙蝠为可可种植者提供有价值的生态系统服务,包括杀害害虫,但景观环境对这些系统中的蝙蝠群体的影响仍未得到充分研究.
研究的目的:
- 调查景观覆盖类型和距离如何影响非洲可可种植园中的昆虫食,果食和花食蝙蝠的丰富性和丰富性.
- 为可可农业生态系统中的各种蝙蝠协会提供了第一个关于景观息地联系的全面分析.
主要方法:
- 在2017年至2020年期间,使用雾网在喀麦隆南部的38个可可种植园中对蝙蝠社区进行了采样.
- 该研究分析了蝙蝠协会的丰富性/丰富性与各种土地覆盖类型 (自然息地,人为干扰) 以及它们与种植园的距离之间的关系.
主要成果:
- 不同的蝙蝠协会对景观变量表现出不同的反应,根据息地,反应的规模有所不同.
- 捕食昆虫的蝙蝠与自然息地 (树木覆盖,牧场,被洪水淹没的植被) 有积极的关联,与人为干扰 (伐木,集约农业) 有消极的关联.
- 吃果实和吃花的蝙蝠与有水的自然息地和附近的人为地区有关,这可能是由于水果和开花树木的食物供应增加.
结论:
- 景观管理策略应针对特定的蝙蝠协会量身定制,以最大限度地提高可可种植系统中的保护效益和生态系统服务.
- 拟议的管理设计旨在支持食虫,食水果和食蜜蝙蝠,从而增强害虫抑制,授粉和种子分散,以实现可持续的可可生产.
- 保护蝙蝠的多样性对于保持非洲可可景观的生态完整性和长期生产力至关重要.
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