卫生工作者感染SARS-CoV-2的感染预防和控制风险因素:全球多中心病例控制研究
A Cassini1, Y Mo2, A Simniceanu3
1Infection Prevention and Control Hub and Task Force, Integrated Health Services, UHC/Life Course, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland; Office of the Cantonal Doctor, Geneva, Switzerland.
The Journal of hospital infection
|September 22, 2024
概括
卫生工作者面临严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒-2 (SARS-CoV-2) 风险增加,原因是不遵守个人防护设备 (PPE) 和不一致的手部卫生. 持续使用PPE和保持手部卫生对于预防COVID-19职业感染至关重要.
科学领域:
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 由于职业暴露,医疗保健工作者在COVID-19大流行期间经历了SARS-CoV-2感染的高风险.
- 识别特定的风险因素对于保护前线卫生专业人员至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在全球范围内,在卫生工作者中描述SARS-CoV-2感染的职业风险因素.
- 在世卫组织统一研究倡议中为感染预防和控制策略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 这是一项全球,多中心,嵌套的病例控制研究,涉及21个国家的121个医疗机构.
- 病例是 SARS-CoV-2 阳性健康工作者,有记录的职业暴露;对照组是 SARS-CoV-2 阴性健康工作者,有类似的暴露.
- 血清学测试证实了病例/对照状态,通过对人口统计和风险因素的结构化问卷收集数据.
主要成果:
- 不遵守个人防护设备 (PPE) 准则 (aOR 1.67) 和不一致的手部卫生与患者接触后 (aOR 2.52) 显著增加了SARS-CoV-2感染风险.
- 与COVID-19患者直接,长时间接触 (>15分钟) 会增加感染风险.
- 在产生气溶的过程中使用呼吸器以及在接触受污染的表面时使用个人防护设备 (手套,长袍/外套) 降低了风险.
结论:
- 始终坚持感染预防和控制措施,包括适当使用个人防护设备,对于保护卫生工作者免受SARS-CoV-2感染至关重要.
- 针对性干预,解决不遵守个人防护设备和手部卫生问题至关重要.
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