相关实验视频
Updated: Jun 12, 2025

09:02
Visualizing Bacteria in Nematodes using Fluorescent Microscopy
Published on: October 19, 2012
18.8K
一个新的三部分喉及其在共生性海洋线虫 (Desmodoroidea, Stilbonematinae) 中的并行进化
Philipp Pröts1, Veronica Novotny-Diermayr2, Jörg A Ott1
1Department of Functional and Evolutionary Ecology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
概括
称为Stilbonematinae的海洋线虫具有独特的喉形态. 它们的喉形状是独立进化的,是由共生细菌驱动的,而不仅仅是它们的进化关系.
科学领域:
- 海洋生物学 海洋生物学
- 遗体学 遗体学 是一个学科.
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 进化生物学是进化的生物学.
背景情况:
- 斯蒂尔博内马丁类线虫宿主是化学自营氧化硫氧化细菌,在海洋沙中作为生态共生体.
- 线虫喉形态有所变化,在有大量细菌外衣的物种中具有圆柱状喉,在单层物种中具有膨胀的体.
- 之前的遗传学分析没有揭示体载体物种之间的密切关系,这表明独立的进化.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究喉形态在Stilbonematinae线虫的独立进化.
- 为了将喉结构与共生细菌外衣的体积相关联.
- 为了定义一个独特的喉类型的Stilbonematinae.
主要方法:
- 洛伊丁染色与共聚焦激光扫描显微镜,传输电子显微镜和光显微镜相结合.
- 喉囊位置作为形态标记物的分析.
- 在Nematoda属中对喉类型的综述.
主要成果:
- 在Stilbonematinae中,身体的扩大是独立进化的,这可以通过喉囊的可变位置来证明.
- 喉形态,特别是体的扩大,似乎是由共生细菌外衣体积而不是原生态驱动的.
- 斯蒂尔博内马丁类喉与线虫中的其他三部分喉有很大的区别,缺乏管和门,并具有未分割的体.
结论:
- 在一些Stilbonematinae中,扩大的肉体可能有助于"美食家"食用较少量的食物.
- 遗传学分析不足以解释Stilbonematinae pharynges.的形态多样性.
- 根据不同的形态特征,提出了对三部分喉的新定义"stilbonematoid".
相关概念视频
Pharynx
1.4K
The pharynx, a tubular structure framed by skeletal muscle and lined with mucous membrane, extends continuously from the nasal cavities. It is segmented into three major areas: the nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx.
Nasopharynx
The nasopharynx, bordered by the conchae of the nasal cavity, serves exclusively as an air conduit. In its superior region, the pharyngeal tonsils or adenoids are located. These tonsils are clusters of lymphoid reticular tissue akin to a lymph node. The precise...
Nasopharynx
The nasopharynx, bordered by the conchae of the nasal cavity, serves exclusively as an air conduit. In its superior region, the pharyngeal tonsils or adenoids are located. These tonsils are clusters of lymphoid reticular tissue akin to a lymph node. The precise...
1.4K
Gastrulation
56.8K
Gastrulation establishes the three primary tissues of an embryo: the ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. This developmental process relies on a series of intricate cellular movements, which in humans transforms a flat, “bilaminar disc” composed of two cell sheets into a three-tiered structure. In the resulting embryo, the endoderm serves as the bottom layer, and stacked directly above it is the intermediate mesoderm, and then the uppermost ectoderm. Respectively, these tissue strata...
56.8K
Anatomy of Respiratory System I: Upper Respiratory Tract
1.2K
The upper respiratory tract plays a vital role in the respiratory system, comprising several structures that facilitate air intake and prepare air for the lungs. It also serves as the first line of defense against pathogens and particles. This tract includes the nose and nasal cavity, the oral cavity, the paranasal sinuses, and the pharynx, each with specific functions and features.
Nose and nasal cavity
The nose and nasal cavity represent the main external openings of the respiratory tract....
Nose and nasal cavity
The nose and nasal cavity represent the main external openings of the respiratory tract....
1.2K
Neurulation
41.7K
Neurulation is the embryological process which forms the precursors of the central nervous system and occurs after gastrulation has established the three primary cell layers of the embryo: ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. In humans, the majority of this system is formed via primary neurulation, in which the central portion of the ectoderm—originally appearing as a flat sheet of cells—folds upwards and inwards, sealing off to form a hollow neural tube. As development proceeds, the...
41.7K
Whole Body Regeneration
3.3K
Regeneration is the process of restoring injured or lost tissues, organs, or body parts. While simpler organisms generally show greater ability to regenerate their whole body, few complex animals show similarly exceptional regeneration. For example, planarian flatworms have a unique regenerative potential making them a popular study organism among biologists to understand the mechanisms of whole body regeneration. Other organisms, such as hydra, also show extreme regeneration potential;...
3.3K
Eukaryotic Evolution
32.8K
The endosymbiont theory is the most widely accepted theory of eukaryotic evolution; however, its progression is still somewhat debated. According to the nucleus-first hypothesis, the ancestral prokaryote first evolved a membrane to enclose DNA and form the nucleus. Conversely, the mitochondria-first hypothesis suggests that the nucleus was formed after endosymbiosis of mitochondria.
Contrary to the endosymbiont theory, the eukaryote-first hypothesis proposes that the simpler prokaryotic and...
Contrary to the endosymbiont theory, the eukaryote-first hypothesis proposes that the simpler prokaryotic and...
32.8K

