集群采样方法用于评估免疫覆盖率
Aishwarya Sharma1, R B Jain2, Jitesh Satija3
1Department of Community Medicine, School of Medical Sciences & Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida 201306, UP, India. aishwarya_712@yahoo.in.
World journal of methodology
|September 23, 2024
概括
这项研究发现,86.7%的12-23个月龄的儿童实现了完全免疫接种,这表明尽管有COVID-19大流行,但疫苗覆盖率最佳. 影响免疫接种的关键因素包括出生地和免疫卡的可用性.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
背景情况:
- 免疫接种对于预防传染病至关重要,也是医疗保健的基本组成部分.
- 随着COVID-19大流行,医疗系统受到破坏,导致儿童疫苗接种被错过.
- 基本的儿童疫苗对于公共卫生和疾病控制至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估农村Dighal.在12-23个月的儿童免疫覆盖率.
- 确定影响研究群体免疫率的因素.
- 评估COVID-19大流行对儿童疫苗接种的影响.
主要方法:
- 在覆盖率评估调查中使用了世界卫生组织标准的30集群采样技术.
- 免疫数据从300名12-23个月龄的儿童的免疫卡中收集.
- 这项研究是在2020/2021年进行的,这一时期被COVID-19相关的医疗服务中断所标志.
主要成果:
- 86.7%的儿童获得了完全免疫;9%的儿童获得了部分免疫,4.3%的儿童没有免疫.
- 完全免疫接种中断率为4.2%.
- 免疫状态的重要预测因素包括出生地 (P=0.014) 和免疫卡的可用性 (P<0.001). 不完全接种疫苗的常见原因包括孕产妇的疾病,疫苗不可用以及儿童的疾病.
结论:
- 尽管有COVID-19流行病相关的干扰,但研究区域的免疫覆盖率是最佳的,超过了全国平均水平.
- 研究结果表明,即使在公共卫生危机期间,免疫计划也可以保持高覆盖率.
- 诸如出生地和获得免疫卡等因素对于确保儿童完全接种疫苗至关重要.
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