解锁对牛和小牛压力指标的影响 牛-小牛接触系统中的牛和小牛压力指标的影响
Julie Føske Johnsen1, Johanne Sørby2, Sabine Ferneborg2
1Section of Terrestrial Animal Health and Welfare, Norwegian Veterinary Institute, 1431 Ås, Norway.
JDS communications
|September 23, 2024
概括
较长时间的,较早的逐步分离 (脱节) 对于乳牛,可能会减少最初的压力反应. 在分离过程中小牛的发声会受到年龄和牛奶摄入量的影响,但解方法对奶牛的影响有限.
科学领域:
- 动物行为 动物行为
- 乳制品科学 乳制品科学
- 动物福利 动物福利
背景情况:
- 在乳制品生产中,奶牛和小牛的过早分离会造成压力.
- 逐渐的适应 (解脱联系) 可能会减轻负面的行为反应,并支持牛小牛的联系.
研究的目的:
- 调查解锁的时间和持续时间如何影响牛和小牛的与压力相关的行为.
- 为了比较长度解约 (LDB) 和短度解约 (SDB) 组之间的发声和近距离行为.
- 评估补充牛奶摄入量对小牛声乐行为的影响.
主要方法:
- 两种解锁协议进行了比较:LDB (从4周开始,超过28天) 和SDB (从6.5周开始,超过10天).
- 观察到发音 (高音和低音) 和接近隔离屏障.
- 观察发生在不同的阶段:24小时/天访问 (基线) 和减少访问 (分离,习惯阶段).
- 混合效应线性回归模型用于分析.
主要成果:
- 总的来说,解约治疗没有显著影响牛的行为或高音声 (一个关键的压力指标).
- 牛和小牛都表现出声响和近距离反应,以减少访问,与相当大的个体差异.
- LDB小牛在屏障附近的时间较少,在低音时发出更多声音.
- 与LDB小牛相比,SDB小牛在最初的分离阶段表现出更多的高音声.
- 在LDB奶牛中,在限制访问 (6小时/天和0小时/天) 的情况下,发声量增加.
- 每天摄入超过1.5升补充牛奶的小牛发出更少的高音声.
结论:
- 在较年轻的年龄开始更长的脱节期可能会减轻最初的分离压力,特别是在小牛中.
- 小牛对分离的声响受年龄的影响,并因补充牛奶摄入量而调节.
- 经过测试的解锁策略对奶牛对分离的行为反应产生了有限的影响.
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