衡量自我与他人之间的协议:理解个人网络研究中的信息准确性
Harold D Green1, Matthew A Hoover1, Glenn J Wagner1
1RAND Corporation, 1776 Main Street, Santa Monica, CA 90407.
Field methods
|September 23, 2024
概括
这项研究评估了乌干达艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染者 (PLHA) 提供的个人网络信息的准确性. 结果显示了准确度的变化,突出了影响个人报告其社会联系可靠性的因素.
科学领域:
- 社交网络分析 社交网络分析
- 公共卫生研究 公共卫生研究
- 举报人准确性研究研究
背景情况:
- 个人网络研究依赖于受访者 (自我) 对其网络成员 (alter) 的看法.
- 之前对这些研究中的告密者准确性的研究产生了关于报告准确性的不一致的发现.
- 了解准确性对于网络数据的有效性至关重要,特别是在弱势群体中.
研究的目的:
- 在乌干达对艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染者 (PLHA) 的研究中评估自我报告网络数据的准确性.
- 识别与自我改变者关系报告的准确性或不准确性相关的因素.
- 为个人网络研究中有关告密者准确性的文献做出贡献.
主要方法:
- 要求Egos (PLHA) 从他们的网络中提名最多四个替代品.
- 面试对象被采访了关于他们与自我之间的关系.
- 用Gower的一般相似系数来测量变量和改变的准确性.
主要成果:
- 通过变量的分析通常支持现有的告密者准确性研究.
- 通过改变进行分析,在描述变化时,为个人自我准确性提供了新的见解.
- 识别了与不同级别的报告准确性相关的特征.
结论:
- 在个人网络研究中,告知者的准确性是可变的,取决于正在讨论的具体变化.
- 需要进一步的研究来探索影响自我改变者报告准确性的特征.
- 这些发现对在艾滋病毒/艾滋病研究和其他公共卫生环境中解释网络数据有影响.
更多相关视频
相关概念视频
02:30Naturalistic Observations
15.4K
If you want to understand how behavior occurs, one of the best ways to gain information is to simply observe the behavior in its natural context. However, people might change their behavior in unexpected ways if they know they are being observed. How do researchers obtain accurate information when people tend to hide their natural behavior? As an example, imagine that your professor asks everyone in your class to raise their hand if they always wash their hands after using the restroom. Chances...
15.4K
01:31Confirmation Biases
5.5K
The confirmation bias is the tendency to focus on information that confirms our existing beliefs and ignore information that is inconsistent with our expectations. For example, if you think that your professor is not very nice, you notice all of the instances of rude behavior exhibited by the professor while ignoring the countless pleasant interactions he is involved in on a daily basis. Have you ever fallen prey to the confirmation bias, either as the source or target of such bias?
5.5K
01:14Fundamental Attribution Error
12.8K
According to some social psychologists, people tend to overemphasize internal factors as explanations—or attributions—for the behavior of other people. They tend to assume that the behavior of another person is a trait of that person, and to underestimate the power of the situation on the behavior of others. They tend to fail to recognize when the behavior of another is due to situational variables, and thus to the person’s state. This erroneous assumption is...
12.8K
01:13Accuracy and Errors in Hypothesis Testing
180
Hypothesis testing is a fundamental statistical tool that begins with the assumption that the null hypothesis H0 is true. During this process, two types of errors can occur: Type I and Type II. A Type I error refers to the incorrect rejection of a true null hypothesis, while a Type II error involves the failure to reject a false null hypothesis.
In hypothesis testing, the probability of making a Type I error, denoted as α, is commonly set at 0.05. This significance level indicates a 5%...
In hypothesis testing, the probability of making a Type I error, denoted as α, is commonly set at 0.05. This significance level indicates a 5%...
180
01:53Cause and Effect
10.9K
While variables are sometimes correlated because one does cause the other, it could also be that some other factor, a confounding variable, is actually causing the systematic movement in our variables of interest. For instance, as sales in ice cream increase, so does the overall rate of crime. Is it possible that indulging in your favorite flavor of ice cream could send you on a crime spree? Or, after committing crime do you think you might decide to treat yourself to a cone?
10.9K
00:52Social Proof
27.6K
Social proof is a form of persuasion based on comparison and conformity. People compare their behavior and actions to what others are doing and will change to conform to do what their peers do.
27.6K