基于核酸的诊断方法从 (前) CRISPR 到 CRISPR 时代的演变以及相关机器/深度学习方法在相关RNA设计中的演变
Shruti Sarika Chakraborty1, Jayati Ray Dutta2, Ramakrishnan Ganesan2
1Department of Computer Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. shruti.chakraborty@lmh.ox.ac.uk.
Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|September 23, 2024
概括
本研究回顾了核酸测试 (NAT),从传统的PCR到基于CRISPR的先进方法,突出了用于原始和指导RNA设计的计算工具. 它探讨了机器学习在分子诊断和生物标志物发现中的应用,以改进疾病检测.
科学领域:
- 分子诊断学 分子诊断学
- 生物信息学是一种生物信息学.
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
背景情况:
- 核酸放大技术 (NAT) 对于分子诊断至关重要.
- 传统的NAT如PCR和异热NAT (INAAT) 需要精确的原料/探头设计.
- 基于CRISPR的技术提供了先进的分子诊断能力.
研究的目的:
- 提供NAT,INAAT和基于CRISPR的诊断的全面概述.
- 讨论用于原料,探针和指导RNA设计的计算工具.
- 探索机器学习 (ML) 和深度学习 (DL) 在分子诊断和生物标志物发现中的作用.
主要方法:
- 对传统的NAT (PCR) 和INAAT (LAMP,RPA等) 的审查 ) 的情况.
- 讨论用于原料/探头设计的计算工具.
- 探索基于CRISPR的技术和指导RNA设计工具.
- 分析ML / DL方法用于原始/探针设计,CRISPR应用和miRNA目标预测.
主要成果:
- 从PCR和INAAT转向基于CRISPR/Cas的方法.
- 计算工具的可用性,以帮助原料,探针,并指导RNA设计.
- 为了优化NAT,CRISPR测定和miRNA生物标记物识别,ML/DL的出现.
结论:
- 计算工具和ML/DL对于推进分子诊断至关重要.
- 基于CRISPR的技术代表了诊断灵敏度和特异性的重大飞跃.
- 集成先进的计算方法有望改善疾病诊断和生物标志物发现.
关键词:
在CRISPR的基础编辑.克里斯普尔的非目标效率效率超出目标.克里斯普尔在目标上提高了效率.在CRISPR中进行初级编辑.基于CRISPR的诊断是基于CRISPR的这就是CRISPR/CasPR.在CRISPR/Cas工具中,使用CRISPR/Cas工具.在Cas12中,Cas12是Cas12中的一个.在Cas13中,Cas13是Cas13中的一个.这就是Cas9的情况.深度学习是一种深度学习.基因型定制是指基因型定制.指南RNA指南RNA是指导RNA的指南RNA.这就是HCR.在HDA中,HDA是指HDA.一个灯的灯光.机器学习是机器学习.分子诊断是一种分子诊断.纳斯巴 (NASBA) 是一个国家体育协会.纳米颗粒 纳米颗粒核酸测试是核酸测试的方法之一.这是一个PCRPCR.一个基本的基本的基本的基本的基本的基本的基本的基本.设计初级设计 设计初级设计初级设计工具的设计工具.探测器探测器探测器在 RPA RPA 中使用.在SDA中,SDA是SDA.这是一个小RNARNA.更多相关视频
相关概念视频
01:59CRISPR
49.8K
Genome editing technologies allow scientists to modify an organism’s DNA via the addition, removal, or rearrangement of genetic material at specific genomic locations. These types of techniques could potentially be used to cure genetic disorders such as hemophilia and sickle cell anemia. One popular and widely used DNA-editing research tool that could lead to safe and effective cures for genetic disorders is the CRISPR-Cas9 system. CRISPR-Cas9 stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced...
49.8K
02:53CRISPR and crRNAs
16.9K
Bacteria and archaea are susceptible to viral infections just like eukaryotes; therefore, they have developed a unique adaptive immune system to protect themselves. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated proteins (CRISPR-Cas) are present in more than 45% of known bacteria and 90% of known archaea.
The CRISPR-Cas system stores a copy of foreign DNA in the host genome and uses it to identify the foreign DNA upon reinfection. CRISPR-Cas has three different...
The CRISPR-Cas system stores a copy of foreign DNA in the host genome and uses it to identify the foreign DNA upon reinfection. CRISPR-Cas has three different...
16.9K
00:36Viral Mutations
32.2K
A mutation is a change in the sequence of bases of DNA or RNA in a genome. Some mutations occur during replication of the genome due to errors made by the polymerase enzymes that replicate DNA or RNA. Unlike DNA polymerase, RNA polymerase is prone to errors because it is not capable of “proofreading” its work. Viruses with RNA-based genomes, like HIV, therefore accrue mutations faster than viruses with DNA-based genomes. Because mutation and recombination provide the raw material...
32.2K
02:15Experimental RNAi
6.1K
RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
6.1K