增加五岁及以下儿童水果和蔬菜消费的干预措施
Rebecca K Hodder1,2,3,4, Kate M O'Brien1,2,3,4, Rebecca J Wyse2,5
1Hunter New England Population Health, Hunter New England Local Health District, Wallsend, Australia.
The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
|September 23, 2024
概括
儿童干预措施,如特定的食实践和多元组件计划,显示水果和蔬菜摄入量略有增加. 家长营养教育的影响最小,强调需要进一步研究成本和不良影响.
科学领域:
- 儿童营养学 儿童营养学
- 公共卫生干预 公共卫生干预
- 非传染性疾病预防与预防
背景情况:
- 儿童不够摄入水果和蔬菜会增加未来患非传染性疾病的风险,包括心血管疾病.
- 需要采取干预措施来增加儿童的水果和蔬菜消费量,以减轻长期的健康风险.
研究的目的:
- 评估旨在增加五岁及以下儿童水果和/或蔬菜消费的干预措施的益处和危害.
主要方法:
- 随机对照试验 (RCT) 的系统审查和元分析,包括集群RCT和交叉试验.
- 包括针对五岁及以下儿童的水果/蔬菜消费的干预措施,与没有干预的对照进行比较.
- 数据提取和偏差风险评估由两位审稿人独立进行,分歧由第三位审稿人解决.
主要成果:
- 儿童养实践干预表明,对蔬菜消费有很小的积极影响 (15.5g的增加),证据的确定性中等.
- 多组分干预表明,对水果和蔬菜消费的影响很小 (每天增加0.34杯),得到了中等确定性证据的支持.
- 基于低确定性证据,家长营养教育干预措施对水果和蔬菜消费的短期影响很小或不存在.
结论:
- 婴儿养实践和多元干预措施在增加幼儿水果和蔬菜摄入量方面提供了适度的好处.
- 在短期内,家长营养教育的效果似乎较低;建议进一步研究成本,不良影响和各种设置.
- 这个活生生的系统性审查不断更新,以纳入关于儿童水果和蔬菜消费干预措施的新证据.
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