获得的感觉神经听力损失,氧化应激和microRNAs
Desmond A Nunez1,2, Ru C Guo3
1Division of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Neural regeneration research
|September 24, 2024
概括
氧化应激和微RNAs (miRNAs) 与听力损失有关. 像miR-34a和miR-29b这样的特定miRNA促进细胞死亡,而其他可能提供保护,表明听力恢复的潜在治疗点.
科学领域:
- 耳鼻喉科 耳鼻喉科 耳鼻喉科
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
背景情况:
- 听力损失是全球主要的残疾,与年龄相关的听力损失是主要的贡献者.
- 获得的感觉神经听力损失包括各种类型,包括噪音引起的,耳毒性和突然发作的.
- 氧化应激越来越被认为是获得性听力损失复杂病因的一个常见因素.
研究的目的:
- 审查微RNAs (miRNAs) 在与感神经听力损失相关的氧化应激和缺氧中的作用.
- 探索针对miRNA治疗听力损失的潜在治疗策略.
主要方法:
- 从2018年8月到2023年7月,在多个数据库 (奥维德EMBASE,奥维德MEDLINE,科学网,临床试验.gov) 进行了全面的文献搜索.
- 这些关键词包括"听力损失"",hypoxamiRs"",hypoxia"",microRNAs"",ischemia"和"氧化应激".
- 该综述综合了来自11篇主要期刊文章和8项注册临床试验的研究结果.
主要成果:
- 发现特定的miRNAs,如miR-34a和miR-29b,随着年龄的增长而增加,并通过向关键信号通路 (SIRT1/PGC-1α,SIRT1/p53,SIRT1/HIF-1α) 来促进细胞亡.
- 缺氧和氧化应激会诱导亡,这种情况可以通过白醇和miR-29b抑制剂减轻.
- 在小鼠中,胺素诱导的耳毒性涉及减少miR-182-5p和增加氧化应激,这种效应被干细胞衍生外体逆转.
结论:
- 微RNA在细胞对缺氧和氧化应激反应中起着重要作用,有助于听力损失中的感觉毛细胞死亡.
- 针对特定的miRNA或参与氧化应激的途径,为开发用于听力损失的新疗法提供了一个有希望的途径.
- 需要进一步的研究才能将这些发现转化为有效的人类治疗方法.
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