大型语言模型不符合FDA对临床决策支持设备的指导
Gary Weissman1, Toni Mankowitz2, Genevieve Kanter3
1University of Pennsylvania.
Research square
|September 24, 2024
概括
大型语言模型 (LLM) 可以很容易地提供未经授权的临床决策支持 (CDS),从而绕过食品和药物管理局 (FDA) 的规定. 这项研究证明了LLMs.
科学领域:
- 人工智能在医学中的应用
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 监管科学 监管科学
背景情况:
- 大型语言模型 (LLM) 提供了临床决策支持 (CDS) 的潜力.
- 目前没有LLM被食品和药物管理局 (FDA) 授权作为CDS设备.
- 人们担心LLM有可能提供未经授权的,类似于设备的CDS.
研究的目的:
- 评估两个流行的LLM是否会被提示生成未经授权的,类似于设备的CDS.
- 评估LLM用于CDS时是否符合FDA的要求.
主要方法:
- 在各种临床场景中测试两个著名的LLM.
- 指示LLM保持符合FDA对CDS的指导方针.
- 分析LLM输出用于类似设备的决策支持生成.
主要成果:
- 总的来说,LLM的输出始终提供了类似设备的CDS.
- 这些模型产生了未经授权的CDS,尽管有明确的遵守指示.
- 这发生在一系列经过测试的临床情景中.
结论:
- 可以很容易地诱导LLM提供未经授权的,类似于设备的CDS.
- 目前的LLM可能会对现有的FDA医疗器械监管框架构成挑战.
- 需要进一步的研究,以确保在临床环境中安全和合规地使用LLM.
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