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对黑色素瘤中大脑转移的检查点或BRAF/MEK抑制剂的测序
Paolo A Ascierto1, Mario Mandalà2,3, Pier Francesco Ferrucci4
1Department of Melanoma, Cancer Immunotherapy and Development Therapeutics, Istituto Nazionale Tumori - IRCCS Fondazione "G. Pascale," Napoli, Italy.
NEJM evidence
|September 24, 2024
概括
对于BRAF V600突变黑色素瘤,从免疫检查点抑制剂开始,然后使用BRAF/MEK抑制剂,或将它们三明治化,与相反的顺序相比,大脑转移显著减少.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 黑色素瘤研究 黑色素瘤研究
- 临床试验 临床试验
背景情况:
- 对于转移性不可切除的BRAF V600突变黑色素瘤,BRAF/MEK抑制剂和免疫检查点抑制剂的最佳序列尚未确定.
- 大脑转移在这个患者群体中是一个重大问题.
研究的目的:
- 研究BRAF/MEK抑制剂 (恩科拉费尼布和比尼米蒂尼布) 和免疫检查点抑制剂 (伊皮利马布和尼沃马布) 的不同治疗序列对大脑转移的发展的影响.
- 为了在不同的治疗手臂中比较无脑转移的生存率.
主要方法:
- 一项三臂临床试验 (SECOMBIT) 涉及转移性不可切除的BRAF V600突变黑色素瘤患者,没有先前存在的大脑转移.
- 甲臂:BRAF/MEK抑制剂,其次是免疫检查点抑制剂.
- 臂B:免疫检查点抑制剂,其次是BRAF/MEK抑制剂.
- 臂C:顺序的BRAF/MEK抑制剂,免疫检查点抑制剂,然后用BRAF/MEK抑制剂重新治疗.
主要成果:
- 在56个月的随访中位数,60个月的无脑转移存活率为56% (A臂),80% (B臂) 和85% (C臂).
- 与A臂相比,在BRAF/MEK抑制剂 (B臂) 或三明治疗法 (C臂) 之前接受免疫检查点抑制剂的患者的脑转移率明显较低.
- 危险比率 (与危险比率) 脑转移的A臂为0.40 (B臂) 和0.35 (C臂).
结论:
- 在BRAF/MEK抑制剂之前对免疫检查点抑制剂进行测序,与BRAF V600突变黑色素瘤中无转移性大脑存活率的改善有关.
- 一种涉及免疫检查点抑制的治疗策略,在BRAF/MEK抑制剂疗法之间嵌入,也显示出对大脑转移的保护作用.
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