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Updated: Jun 12, 2025

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在国家点火设施 (NIF) 使用激光实验灵活成像衍射诊断 (FIDDLE) 进行时间分辨的X射线衍射:对衍射精度的初步评估

C E Vennari¹, N E Palmer¹, P R Nyholm¹

¹Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA.

The Review of scientific instruments

|September 24, 2024

概括

激光实验灵活成像衍射诊断器 (FIDDLE) 可在高压下实地观察固体-固体相变. 美国国家点火设施 (NIF) 的这种新型诊断方法使用时间解析的X射线衍射来研究相位过渡.

科学领域:

材料科学材料科学材料科学
凝聚物质物理学凝聚物质物理学
高压物理高压物理

背景情况:

高压研究需要先进的诊断来观察动态材料的行为.
在极端条件下材料的相位过渡对于理解材料性质至关重要.
时间解析的X射线衍射对于探测这些转变的动力学至关重要.

研究的目的:

在国家点火设施 (NIF) 引入激光实验的灵活成像衍射诊断 (FIDDLE).
为了利用FIDDLE在高压压缩下实地观察固体-固体相变.
研究像 (Pb) 这样的材料中相变的动力学.

主要方法:

采用FIDDLE诊断系统,它集成了五个Icarus超快X射线成像传感器.
使用 Ge 背光灯薄膜产生 10 keV 的 X 射线,大约为 10 ns 的脉冲.
在拉坡压缩的 (Pb) 上执行时间解析的X射线衍射,达到~110 GPa.

主要成果:

报告了FIDDLE实验的初步结果,这些实验是对道压缩的Pb.
在Pb中观察到固体-固体相变,包括面中心立方体 (FCC) 到六角密封 (HCP) 和HCP到身体中心立方体 (BCC).
包括使用二氧化 (CeO2) 校准镜头的数据.

结论:

FIDDLE为研究高压下动态相位过渡提供了一种新的能力.
诊断允许通过收集不同压缩时间的衍射数据来探测相变的动力学.
进一步分析和讨论观察到的衍射数据中的不确定性.

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