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对三种养殖模式的综合评估:从生产性能到环境可持续性
Yuan-Hao Liu1, Jun-Nan Huang1, Bin Wen2
1Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
The Science of the total environment
|September 24, 2024
概括
将果树与养殖 (poly-FC) 整合起来,可以显著提高的生长和肌肉质量. 与传统方法相比,这种新的系统还大大减少了温室气体排放.
科学领域:
- 水产养殖和生态工程
- 可持续农业系统 可持续农业系统
- 环境科学和微生物学
背景情况:
- 综合农业-水产养殖提供了一个有前途的生态发展模式.
- 传统的养殖包括单种养殖池 (单种C) 和米多种养殖 (多种RC).
- 为了进行比较,开发了一种新的果树-鱼多种植 (poly-FC) 系统.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较单一C,多RC和多FC养殖系统的生产性能和生态可持续性.
- 在不同的培养条件下分析鱼的食来源和肌肉质量.
- 评估和比较三个系统的温室气体 (GHG) 排放.
主要方法:
- 对的生长速度,条件因素,肌肉质量和营养含量进行比较分析.
- 稳定同位素混合模型,以确定鱼的食来源.
- 在水和沉积物中对微生物群落 (mcr和pmo丰富度) 和基因表达 (norC) 的元基因组学分析.
- 测量温室气体排放量 (CO2,N2O,CH4) 和相关的环境参数 (NO3,脱率).
主要成果:
- 在多种养殖系统 (多RC和多FC) 中,的特定生长率和条件因子明显高于单种C.
- 聚FC的肌肉质量优越,原油脂肪和必需氨基酸含量更高.
- 聚-FC显示近零的CO2和N2O排放和负的CH4排放,与聚-RC和单-C的积极排放形成鲜明对比.
- 微生物分析表明,聚FC水中的mcr和pmo丰度较低 (CH4水槽),沉积物中的Nitrospirae_bacterium丰度较低 (减少N2O生产).
结论:
- 在生产效率和生态可持续性方面,水果树-鱼多种植 (poly-FC) 系统显著优于传统单种植和以大米为基础的多种植.
- 聚碳为减少水产养殖中的温室气体排放提供了一个有希望的方法,特别是甲和氧化.
- 聚FC中的饮食转变和特定的微生物社区结构有助于改善的质量和减少环境影响.
相关概念视频
01:01Production Efficiency
Net production efficiency (NPE) is the efficiency at which organisms assimilate energy into biomass for the next trophic level. Due to low metabolic rates and less energy spent on thermoregulatory processes, the NPE of ectotherms (cold-blooded animals) is 10 times higher than endotherms (warm-blooded animals).
00:46Trophic Efficiency
Trophic level transfer efficiency (TLTE) is a measure of the total energy transfer from one trophic level to the next. Due to extensive energy loss as metabolic heat, an average of only 10% of the original energy obtained is passed on to the next level. This pattern of energy loss severely limits the possible number of trophic levels in a food chain.
00:51Energy Budgets and Reproductive Strategies
Organisms must balance energy intake with the energy required for growth, maintenance, and reproduction. These trade-offs result in a variety of survivorship and reproductive strategies, including semelparity and iteroparity. Semelparous species reproduce only once in their lifetime, often investing most available resources into that single reproductive event. Iteroparous species, by contrast, reproduce multiple times over their lifetimes, typically allocating fewer resources to any single...