春季的雌性和年轻种子之间的营养竞争影响了Torreya grandis中的生理下降和坚果设置率
Lei Wang1,2, Wei Jiang2,3, Hangbiao Jin4
1Jiyang College, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhuji, China.
Physiologia plantarum
|September 25, 2024
概括
在Torreya grandis的生理种子下降是由雌性体和正在发育的种子之间的竞争驱动的,而不仅仅是种子之间的竞争. 稀释,而不是种子,显著提高了坚果设置率,优化了资源配置.
科学领域:
- 植物生殖生物学 植物生殖生物学
- 林业科学 林业科学
- 营养生态学 营养生态学
背景情况:
- 由于资源竞争,森林树木中生理种子掉落是常见的.
- 两年一度的果实周期复杂化了资源分配动态,涉及跨年相互作用.
- 一种坚果作物Torreya grandis表现出两年的种子发育模式.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查Torreya grandis的资源分配动态,具有两年一度的果实周期.
- 了解性间和性内生殖结构竞争对种子落下的影响.
- 确定管理生殖负载的战略,以优化坚果产量.
主要方法:
- 在雌性和/或未成熟的种子上实施了稀释处理 (0%,30%,60%).
- 在不同发育阶段,授粉前后应用治疗.
- 监测种植率和荷尔蒙变化 (细胞因素,酸).
主要成果:
- 托雷亚格兰迪斯 (Torreya grandis) 的资源竞争十分激烈,其自然种植率为9.4%.
- 种子稀释本身并没有增加坚果设置率.
- 在授粉前20天,对60%的雌性进行了稀释,使得坚果定位率提高到20.5%.
结论:
- 雌性和未成熟的种子之间的竞争是Torreya grandis种子下降的主要驱动因素.
- 荷尔蒙变化,包括细胞激素的增加和酸的减少,介导着圆稀释的影响.
- 管理生殖器官负荷,特别是通过稀薄,对于优化资源分配和两年生果物种的产量至关重要.
相关概念视频
00:51Energy Budgets
9.2K
Organisms must balance energy intake with the energy required for growth, maintenance and reproduction. These trade-offs result in a variety of survivorship and reproductive strategies, including semelparity and iteroparity. Semelparous species, like annual plants, have only one reproductive episode in their lifetimes and consequently have short lifespans. Iteroparous species, by contrast, have many reproductive events during their lifetimes but have relatively few offspring. These two...
9.2K
02:33Seed Structure and Early Development of the Sporophyte
27.9K
Seed structures are composed of a protective seed coat surrounding a plant embryo, and a food store for the developing embryo. The embryo contains the precursor tissues for leaves, stem, and roots. The endosperm and cotyledons—seed leaves—act as the food reserves for the growing embryo.
27.9K
02:34Competition
21.5K
When organisms require the same limited resources within an environment, they may have to compete for them. Competition is a net-negative interaction. Even if two competing individuals or populations do not interact directly, the overall fitness of both competitors is lowered as a result of not having full access to the limited resource.
21.5K
03:40Introduction to Seed Plants
61.2K
Most plants are seed plants—characterized by seeds, pollen, and reduced gametophytes. Seed plants include gymnosperms and angiosperms.
61.2K
01:21Frequency-dependent Selection
21.9K
When the fitness of a trait is influenced by how common it is (i.e., its frequency) relative to different traits within a population, this is referred to as frequency-dependent selection. Frequency-dependent selection may occur between species or within a single species. This type of selection can either be positive—with more common phenotypes having higher fitness—or negative, with rarer phenotypes conferring increased fitness.
21.9K
02:39The Angiosperm Life Cycle
64.6K
Plants have a life cycle split between two multicellular stages: a haploid stage—with cells containing one set of chromosomes—and a diploid stage—with cells containing two sets of chromosomes. The haploid stage is the gamete-producing gametophyte, and the diploid stage is the spore-producing sporophyte.
64.6K