在COVID-19中引起的细胞因子风暴诱导的甲状腺功能障碍:对病原和治疗方法的洞察力
Ali Attiq1, Sheryar Afzal2, Habibah A Wahab1
1School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Gelugor, Penang, 11800, Malaysia.
Drug design, development and therapy
|September 25, 2024
概括
严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒-2 (SARS-CoV-2) 通过ACE2受体侵入甲状腺,引发细胞因子风暴和甲状腺功能障碍. 针对这些途径的疗法可以减轻COVID-19相关的甲状腺疾病严重程度.
科学领域:
- 内分泌学 在内分泌学.
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
背景情况:
- ангиотензин转化酶2受体 (ACE2R) 促进严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒-2 (SARS-CoV-2) 进入宿主细胞.
- 甲状腺毛囊细胞上的ACE2R使SARS-CoV-2入侵,导致COVID-19患者的甲状腺功能障碍和内分泌异常.
- 促炎性细胞因子突发,称为细胞因子风暴,加剧甲状腺损伤.
研究的目的:
- 审查细胞因子风暴的致病性及其与COVID-19中甲状腺疾病的联系.
- 阐明涉及COVID-19相关甲状腺功能障碍的机制和信号通路.
- 讨论治疗策略来管理这些甲状腺疾病.
主要方法:
- 审查有关SARS-CoV-2,ACE2R,细胞因子风暴和甲状腺病理生理学的现有文献.
- 在COVID-19和甲状腺疾病的背景下分析包括NF-κB,JAK/STAT和MAPK在内的信号通路.
- 对细胞因子风暴诱导的甲状腺功能障碍的治疗干预措施的检查.
主要成果:
- 通过ACE2R感染甲状腺毛囊细胞的SARS-CoV-2引发炎症反应和内分泌异常.
- 由IL-1β,IL-6,IFN-γ和TNF-α主导的细胞因子风暴调整了关键信号通路,导致甲状腺功能障碍 (例如,甲状腺疾病综合征,自身免疫性甲状腺疾病,甲状腺毒性).
- 针对性疗法,如皮质类固醇,JAK抑制剂,雷梅西维尔和N-乙囊,在减少这些甲状腺并发症的严重程度和频率方面表现出有效性.
结论:
- 由于ACE2R介导的病毒进入和随后的细胞因子风暴,COVID-19对甲状腺功能构成重大威胁.
- 了解复杂的信号通路对于开发有效治疗COVID-19相关甲状腺疾病至关重要.
- 针对细胞因子风暴路径的治疗策略为缓解严重COVID-19的甲状腺发病率和死亡率提供了有希望的结果.
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