气候变化和北极和温带地区的鹿:从生理学到人口动态和物种分布
Annika M Felton1, Hilde Karine Wam2, Zbigniew Borowski3
1Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Lomma, Sweden.
Global change biology
|September 25, 2024
概括
气候变化影响鹿,温暖的冬季可能有利于种群,但更热的夏季会带来风险. 鹿表现出可塑性,适应行为和生理学,但地方因素,如掠食影响结果.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 气候变化生物学 气候变化生物学
- 野生动物管理 野生动物管理
背景情况:
- 气候变化正在全球范围内改变生态系统,影响物种的耐受性值.
- 鹿群因温度变化,降水和极端天气事件而面临破坏.
- 了解鹿的反应对于预测种群动态和生态系统健康至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和综合气候变量对鹿生理学,空间利用和种群动态的影响.
- 确定北极和温带森林中的鹿种的适应策略和潜在脆弱性.
- 突出气候变化研究中关于鹿种群的知识差距.
主要方法:
- 在2000年至2022年间发表的218篇论文的系统文献综述.
- 专注于北美,欧洲和亚洲北极和温带森林中的鹿种.
- 分析了温度,降雨,降雪,综合气候措施和极端事件的影响.
主要成果:
- 温暖的冬季可能为许多鹿种群带来部分好处,而更热,更干燥的夏季可能会超过生理容忍度.
- 鹿在应对气候变化时表现出形态,生理和行为可塑性,包括改变息地使用和活动模式.
- 敌对的路径和局部因素 (例如,人口密度,掠食) 调节气候变化对鹿的影响.
结论:
- 鹿种群对气候变化表现出不同的反应,具有潜在的好处和重大风险.
- 行为和生理可塑性是鹿的关键适应,但它们的有效性取决于环境.
- 需要进一步研究极端天气事件,雪特征和更潮湿的秋季,才能充分了解气候变化对鹿的影响.
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