成年人的连贯感和物质使用:系统性审查和元分析
Júlia Freire Danigno1, Mariane da Silva Dias1,2, Bernardo Lessa Horta1
1Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brasil.
Cadernos de saude publica
|September 25, 2024
概括
强烈的连贯感 (SOC) 保护成年人免受物质使用,包括烟草和酒精. 这一发现对制定针对风险人群的有针对性的预防策略有影响.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 连贯感 (SOC) 是与健康结果相关的关键心理构造.
- 成年人中物质使用仍然是一个重大的公共卫生问题.
- 了解SOC等保护因素对于有效的预防至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和元分析有关SOC与成年人物质使用之间的关联的证据.
- 综合现有文献的发现,以确定SOC对各种物质的保护作用.
- 确定对公共卫生干预和未来研究的影响.
主要方法:
- 在PubMed,LILACS,PsycINFO和Web of Science数据库中的系统文献搜索.
- 包括评估SOC和成年人 (>19岁) 药物使用的原始文章.
- 两位独立审查员评估了研究,第三位审查员解决了差异;随机效应模型被用于元分析.
主要成果:
- 审查中包括了21项研究.
- 强烈的SOC与较低的酒精使用概率相关 (OR = 0.70,95%CI: 0.50; 0.90),经过对混因子进行调整后,相关性会减弱 (OR = 0.89,95%CI: 0.80; 0.98).
- 较高的SOC (OR = 0.92,95%CI: 0.82;1.01) 观察到吸烟几率下降的趋势,尽管对于酒精和吸烟,证据的确定性非常低.
结论:
- 强烈的连贯感似乎可以保护成年人免受物质使用的伤害,无论年龄如何.
- 研究结果表明,对设计预防干预措施和针对高风险人群量身定制的策略有实际意义.
- 建议进行进一步的纵向研究,以阐明因果关系,并探索与社会经济因素和不同人群的相互作用.
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