高功能自闭症谱系障碍儿童的情绪理解和社会认知技能
Vitoria Santos Santana1, Josemar Marchezan2, Denise Bisolo Scheibe1
1Programa de Pós-Graduação de Ciências Médicas, Universidade do Vale do Taquari (UNIVATES), Lajeado, RS, Brazil.
Trends in psychiatry and psychotherapy
|September 25, 2024
概括
患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的儿童表现出较弱的社会技能和情感理解比神经类型的儿童,尽管可比较的执行功能. 建议针对这些领域的干预措施用于ASD支持.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
背景情况:
- 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 是一种神经发育状况,其特点是社会沟通缺陷.
- 了解社会认知技能和情绪理解对于诊断和支持自闭症患者至关重要.
- 之前的研究表明,ASD儿童的认知特征各不相同.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较ASD儿童与神经类型对照者之间的社会认知技能和情绪理解.
- 识别社会功能和情感理解中的特定差异领域.
主要方法:
- 一项量化,横截面研究,涉及19名患有自闭症儿童和19名神经类型对照,根据年龄和性别 (6-12岁) 匹配.
- 认知功能 (智商,工作记忆,注意力,执行功能),社交技能,行为问题和情绪理解 (语言,面部表情,表情) 通过标准化测试进行评估.
主要成果:
- 与对照组相比,患有自闭症的儿童在执行功能方面表现明显更好 (p=0.02).
- 然而,患有自闭症的儿童在社交技能 (p=0.04),行为问题 (p=0.03) 和所有评估的情感理解方面 (p<0.05) 的表现明显较低.
结论:
- 与神经类型同龄人相比,患有自闭症的儿童在社交技能和情感理解方面表现出明显的缺陷.
- 这些发现强调了需要有针对性的技术和治疗干预措施,以应对患有自闭症儿童的这些具体挑战.
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