以人为中心的人工智能的伦理考虑:通过大型语言模型推进瘤聊天机器人
James C L Chow1,2, Kay Li3
1Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
JMIR bioinformatics and biotechnology
|September 25, 2024
概括
在瘤聊天机器人中以人为中心的人工智能 (AI) 需要道德考虑. 本综述探讨了大型语言模型 (LLM) 的偏见,并提出了公平,以人为中心的人工智能发展的策略.
科学领域:
- 人工智能在医学中的应用
- 生物伦理学生物伦理学
- 瘤学患者支持服务
背景情况:
- 在瘤学中越来越多地使用AI聊天机器人,需要关注以人为中心的设计.
- 伦理的人工智能必须优先考虑同理心,用户需求,并与人类价值观保持一致.
研究的目的:
- 在瘤聊天机器人中使用大型语言模型 (LLM) 的伦理影响进行批判性审查.
- 识别和解决人工智能驱动的瘤患者支持系统中的潜在偏见.
主要方法:
- 在瘤学中检查LLM (例如GPT-3,GPT-4) 的伦理考虑的文献综述.
- 分析LLM培训数据和方法如何引入人口和文化偏见.
- 确定减轻人工智能开发中的偏见策略.
主要成果:
- 语言学士可以复制类似人类语言,这在人工智能设计中带来道德挑战.
- 训练数据集 (例如,西方医学文献) 的偏见可能导致不公平的AI输出.
- 微调过程可能会加剧现有的偏见,可能会将某些人群边缘化.
结论:
- 开发伦理瘤聊天机器人需要整合以人为中心的价值观,以减轻LLM偏见.
- 缓解策略对于创建服务于不同患者群体的AI系统至关重要.
- 未来的AI开发必须优先考虑医疗保健应用中的伦理原则和包容性.
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