同时感染与中的感染发病率和强度有关,而的环境和空间差异很大
Allison M Tracy1, Katrina M Pagenkopp Lohan2, Ryan B Carnegie3
1Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology, University of Maryland Baltimore County, 701 E. Pratt Street, Baltimore, MD, United States; Department of Marine Biotechnology, University of Maryland Baltimore County, 701 E. Pratt Street, Baltimore, MD, United States; Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Maryland Baltimore School of Medicine, 701 E. Pratt Street, Baltimore, MD, United States; Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, 647 Contees Wharf Rd, Edgewater, MD, United States.
的共同感染受盐度和宿主特征的影响,其中Perkinsus marinus发挥着关键作用. 管理和珊瑚礁结构也影响了切萨皮克湾的寄生虫动态.
科学领域:
- 海洋生态海洋生态学
- 寄生虫学的寄生虫学
- 野生动物疾病生态学 野生动物疾病生态学
背景情况:
- 同时感染寄生虫可以改变野生种群的感染结果.
- 影响多种寄生虫感染的环境因素尚不清楚.
- 切萨皮克湾的东部 (Crassostrea virginica) 在盐度梯度上承载着多种寄生虫.
研究的目的:
- 研究共感染生物对东部的寄生虫动态的影响.
- 评估环境条件,宿主特征和海洋空间管理在共感染中的作用.
- 了解单一宿主物种内的多种寄生虫之间的复杂相互作用.
主要方法:
- 在马里兰州和弗吉尼亚州的16个珊瑚礁中对440只进行了大规模调查.
- 通过显微镜对组织寄生虫 (Perkinsus marinus,Haplosporidium nelsoni) 的诊断.
- 通过宏观方法诊断贝生物侵蚀寄生虫 (Cliona海绵,Polydora虫).
- 对寄生虫的流行和强度与环境,宿主和管理变量进行统计分析.
主要成果:
- 盐度是检测到的寄生虫 (P. marinus,Cliona,Polydora) 的最强的预测因素.
- 同时感染改变了所有三个检测到的寄生虫的寄生虫流行和/或强度.
- 珀金斯海的强度与克里奥纳的流行率相关,并预测了更高的波利多拉强度,这表明它扮演了关键角色.
- 主体特征 (贝高度),珊瑚礁息地和收获状态也影响了寄生虫的动态.
结论:
- 的共同感染动态很复杂,受到盐度,宿主因素和管理的影响.
- 珀金斯海豚 (Perkinsus marinus) 似乎是共感染相互作用的核心,影响其他寄生虫强度.
- 珊瑚礁水平因素比支流差异更有影响力,突显了局部管理的重要性.
- 需要进一步的研究,以将共同感染纳入受影响野生动物的疾病生态学.
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