GH和IGF1的肝脏特异性作用可以防止MASLD
Rhonda D Kineman1,2, Mercedes Del Rio-Moreno3,4, David J Waxman5
1Department of Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA. kineman@uic.edu.
Nature reviews. Endocrinology
|September 25, 2024
概括
增长激素 (GH) 和类似胰岛素的增长因子1 (IGF1) 在控制与代谢功能障碍相关的脂肪性肝病 (MASLD) 中发挥着直接作用. 了解它们对肝细胞的性别特异作用可能会揭示新的MASLD治疗策略.
科学领域:
- 肝病学和内分泌学.
- 代谢综合征研究 代谢综合征研究
背景情况:
- 与代谢功能障碍相关的脂肪性肝病 (MASLD) 与代谢综合征的组成部分,如肥胖和胰岛素抵抗有关.
- 在MASLD中观察到主要生长激素 (GH) 缺乏,GH水平下降可能会使病情恶化.
- GH和胰岛素样生长因子1 (IGF1) 影响全身新陈代谢,并与MASLD的进展有关.
研究的目的:
- 在MASLD的背景下,审查GH和IGF1在调节肝脏代谢和健康方面的直接作用.
- 探索由GH影响肝细胞的性别依赖机制,影响脂质积累,压力,生存和再生.
- 讨论GH和IGF1在调节非体肝细胞以控制炎症和纤维化中的潜在作用.
主要方法:
- 文献综述侧重于GH和IGF1在肝脏生理学和MASLD中的作用.
- 对GH和IGF1对肝细胞和非帕伦基马性肝细胞的直接影响的证据分析.
- 综合有关性别依赖调节和对炎症和纤维化的影响的发现.
主要成果:
- 在MASLD中,GH的管理或增强的分泌改善了IGF1水平,减少了肝脏脂肪,并减轻了损伤.
- GH对肝细胞产生取决于性别的作用,限制脂质的积累,减少压力,促进细胞生存和再生.
- GH和IGF1可以通过作用于非帕伦基马细胞来调节肝炎和纤维化.
结论:
- GH和IGF1直接调节与MASLD病变发生相关的肝细胞关键功能.
- 了解GH和IGF1的细胞特异性和性别依赖的作用对于阐明MASLD病因至关重要.
- 对肝细胞功能的GH和IGF1协调的进一步研究可能为MASLD提供新的治疗点.
相关概念视频
01:24Liver Regeneration
3.2K
The liver is an important organ in vertebrates that plays an essential role in metabolism. It is also responsible for storing and redistributing nutrients such as carbohydrates, fats, and vitamins in the body. Additionally, the liver releases bile salts which are critical for digesting food and eliminating toxic metabolites from the body.
Cells of Liver
The liver comprises four major types of cells— hepatocytes, stellate, Kupffer, and sinusoidal endothelial cells. The hepatocytes are...
Cells of Liver
The liver comprises four major types of cells— hepatocytes, stellate, Kupffer, and sinusoidal endothelial cells. The hepatocytes are...
3.2K
01:30Liver Physiology
454
The liver, an essential organ in the human body, performs over 200 vital functions that can be broadly categorized into metabolic, hematological, endocrine regulation, and bile production.
Metabolic Regulation:
The liver is the central organ involved in regulating blood composition. It stabilizes blood glucose levels, maintaining them within the range of 70–110 mg/dL. When these levels drop, the liver breaks down glycogen reserves and releases glucose into the bloodstream. It can...
Metabolic Regulation:
The liver is the central organ involved in regulating blood composition. It stabilizes blood glucose levels, maintaining them within the range of 70–110 mg/dL. When these levels drop, the liver breaks down glycogen reserves and releases glucose into the bloodstream. It can...
454
01:16TGF - β Signaling Pathway
7.3K
The TGF-β signaling pathway regulates cell growth, differentiation, adhesion, motility, and development. TGF-β ligands that induce TGF-β signaling are synthesized in their latent form. Several proteases or cell surface receptors such as integrins act upon the latent form, releasing the active ligand. There are three types of mammalian TGF-βs: (TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and TGF-β3) that bind as homodimers or heterodimers to TGF-β receptors. The TGF-β receptors...
7.3K
01:58Cell Specific Gene Expression
13.5K
Multicellular organisms contain a variety of structurally and functionally distinct cell types, but the DNA in all the cells originated from the same parent cells. The differences in the cells can be attributed to the differential gene expression. Liver cells, whose functions include detoxification of blood, production of bile to metabolize fats, and synthesis of proteins essential for metabolism, must express a specific set of genes to perform their functions. Gene expression also varies with...
13.5K
01:16Hormones Regulating Blood Glucose
3.1K
Insulin is released by beta cells of the pancreas when blood glucose levels are high. It facilitates glucose absorption and utilization in insulin-dependent cells with insulin receptors on their plasma membranes. Insulin promotes glucose uptake by increasing the number of glucose transport proteins in the cell membrane, allowing glucose to enter the cell. As a result, glucose utilization and ATP production are enhanced.
In addition to accelerating glucose uptake and utilization, insulin has...
In addition to accelerating glucose uptake and utilization, insulin has...
3.1K
01:24Glucagon-like Receptor Agonists
305
Incretins include glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), which stimulate insulin secretion post-meals. In type 2 diabetes, GIP's efficacy is reduced, making GLP-1 a viable drug target. GIP originates from preproGIP.
GLP-1, when administered in high doses intravenously, triggers insulin secretion, inhibits glucagon release, slows gastric emptying, reduces food intake, and restores normal insulin secretion. However, its rapid inactivation by...
GLP-1, when administered in high doses intravenously, triggers insulin secretion, inhibits glucagon release, slows gastric emptying, reduces food intake, and restores normal insulin secretion. However, its rapid inactivation by...
305