个性化新抗原癌症疫苗:目前的进展,挑战和光明的未来
Da-Wei Wu1, Shuo-Peng Jia1, Shu-Jun Xing1
1Clinical Trials Center, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
Clinical and experimental medicine
|September 26, 2024
概括
个性化新抗原疫苗在癌症治疗中表现有前途. 全球临床试验正在增加,类疫苗和组合疗法主导着早期研究,这表明癌症治疗的新时代.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 疫苗开发 疫苗开发
背景情况:
- 个性化新抗原疫苗利用瘤特异性抗原进行向免疫治疗,在临床试验中展示了潜在的潜力.
- 新抗原疫苗技术的快速发展需要对正在进行的临床研究进行全面审查,以指导利益相关者.
- 现有的综合性审查很少,强调需要对全球临床试验格局进行分析.
研究的目的:
- 对个性化新抗原疫苗的全球临床试验进行回顾性分析,重点关注抗PD-1/PD-L1疗法.
- 调查试验启动的趋势,赞助商类型,地理分布,治疗方式,组合策略和向癌症.
- 概述新抗原疫苗开发的现状和未来方向.
主要方法:
- 在2022年底之前启动的Trialtrove数据库中的临床试验的回顾性分析.
- 关键指标包括试验数量,赞助商类型,东道国,治疗方式,组合策略,测试药物和癌症类型.
- 专注于新辅助和辅助疗法试验,涉及抗PD-1/PD-L1.1.
主要成果:
- 分析了199项试验,其中I期研究是最常见的 (59.8%),自2015年以来观察到的趋势.
- 类疫苗占大多数 (64.8%),观察到向树突细胞 (DC) 和脂质体输送系统的转变.
- 单疗法是普遍存在的 (66.8%),组合免疫疗法是常见的策略;非小细胞肺癌和胰腺癌是关键症状.
结论:
- 个性化新抗原癌症疫苗的临床开发处于早期阶段,亚洲的试验显著增加.
- 向DC和脂质体平台的转变,以及辅助/维护疗法和与免疫检查点抑制剂 (ICI) 的联合治疗,标志着一个新的方向.
- 对瘤免疫相互作用的持续研究将推动快速的进步,可能会彻底改变未来的癌症治疗.
更多相关视频
12:42Paramyxoviruses for Tumor-targeted Immunomodulation: Design and Evaluation Ex Vivo
Published on: January 7, 2019
9.4K
10:18Author Spotlight: Magnetic Fluorescent Bead-Based Dual-Reporter Flow Analysis of PDL1-Vaxx Peptide Vaccine-Induced Antibody Blockade of the PD-1/PD-L1 Interaction
Published on: July 7, 2023
1.2K
相关概念视频
01:30Cancer Vaccines
345
Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
345
01:27Tumor Immunotherapy
491
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
491
02:57Targeted Cancer Therapies
7.5K
The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
7.5K
02:50Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine
4.9K
Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
4.9K
02:07Tumor Progression
6.3K
Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...
6.3K