在2017-2021年出生儿童中,按年龄24个月的疫苗接种覆盖率 - 美国附属太平洋岛屿
MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report
|September 26, 2024
概括
美国附属太平洋岛屿的儿童疫苗接种覆盖范围因司法管辖区而异,一些地区没有达到健康人2030目标. 在24个月后补充疫苗接种改善了整体覆盖率.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 免疫接种实践 免疫接种实践
背景情况:
- 儿童疫苗接种是公共卫生的基石,大大提高了预期寿命,减少了疾病的传播.
- 美国附属的太平洋岛屿在维持高疫苗接种率方面面临着独特的挑战.
- 既定目标,如健康人2030和世卫组织2030年免疫议程,旨在在24个月内达到90%以上的免疫覆盖率.
研究的目的:
- 估计美国附属太平洋岛屿24个月儿童疫苗接种覆盖率.
- 分析趋势和朝着国家和国际疫苗接种目标的进展.
- 确定需要针对疫苗接种延迟进行有针对性的干预的地区.
主要方法:
- 利用来自司法管辖区免疫信息系统的数据.
- 2017-2021年出生儿童24个月龄前所有常规儿童疫苗的估计疫苗接种覆盖率.
- 分析了覆盖率趋势和实现疫苗接种目标的进展.
主要成果:
- 24个月的疫苗接种覆盖率在各司法管辖区不一致地达到"健康人2030"和"世界卫生组织免疫议程2030"的目标.
- 覆盖率存在显著差异,例如,麻疹,疹和红疹 (MMR) 疫苗覆盖率在FSM从68.2%到91.6%,在帕劳从87.4%到96.6%不等.
- 截至24个月,白血病,破伤风和非细胞性百日咳 (DTaP) 疫苗的覆盖率较低,在FSM中从39.6%到60.6%不等.
- 到2024年6月1日,所有疫苗的覆盖率都增加了,这表明24个月后的疫苗接种努力取得了成功.
结论:
- 美国附属太平洋岛屿的儿童疫苗接种覆盖率不一致,需要特定于司法管辖区的战略.
- 在24个月后实施的追赶疫苗接种计划对整体覆盖率产生了积极影响.
- 需要进一步分析以了解疫苗接种延迟的原因,并实施有效的缓解策略.
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