长期影响和印象最小的鞋类在老年人的长期影响和印象
Erin Futrell1, Regina Kaufman1, Julia Chevan1
1Department of Physical Therapy, Springfield College, Springfield, Massachusetts, USA.
Gerontology
|September 26, 2024
概括
在老年人中,最小的鞋子并没有显著改变足部内在肌肉的大小,但许多人报告说平衡和足部感觉有所改善. 一些个人表现出肌肉生长,尽管整体CSA没有增加,但这表明了潜在的益处.
科学领域:
- 老年学和生物力学
- 足科和肌肉骨健康
- 人类运动和感官科学
背景情况:
- 足部病理增加了老年人的跌倒风险.
- 足部内在肌肉对于足部的支,对齐和感官反至关重要.
- 最少的鞋类对老年人的内在足部肌肉和感官输入的影响还没有得到充分研究.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究16周使用最少的鞋类对65岁及以上成年人内在足肌横截面 (CSA) 的影响.
- 探索老年人对最少鞋类的看法,包括舒适,疼痛,平衡和感官反.
- 评估在这个人口群体中对最小的鞋类进行渐进的磨损时间表的可行性和影响.
主要方法:
- 24名老年人 (≥65岁) 在16周的时间内使用了最少的鞋子,并按照渐进式的时间表进行了测试.
- 超声波成像测量了在基线,8周和16周的五个内在脚肌的CSA.
- 半结构面试收集了参与者对鞋履经验,疼痛,平衡和感觉的反.
主要成果:
- 在16周后,没有观察到足部内在肌肉CSA总体的显著变化.
- 13名参与者在CSA.肌肉中显示出Abductor hallucis (Abh) 的临床上有意义的增加.
- 大多数参与者报告了积极的经验,包括改善平衡 (63.6%) 和足部意识 (72.7%),副作用最小.
结论:
- 在老年人中,16周的最小鞋履并没有改变足部内在肌肉CSA,尽管有些人表现出Abh肌肉的生长.
- 老年人通常报告了积极的主观结果,包括更好的平衡和感官感知.
- 需要更长的研究持续时间和更大的样本大小来确认长期影响,并确定对最少鞋类的响应者.
相关概念视频
01:19The Effect of Aging on Tissues
Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...
01:29Bone Disorders
Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
01:22Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption
As individuals age, their body's physiology evolves, affecting drug pharmacokinetics. The most apparent changes occur in the gastrointestinal tract, where an increase in gastric pH, a delay in gastric emptying, and a reduction in gastrointestinal motility are observed. Remarkably, these changes do not substantially modify the absorption of orally administered drugs, particularly those absorbed via passive diffusion.Transdermal drug delivery emerges as a highly viable method for older adults due...
01:00Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution
Drug distribution in the human body is influenced by several factors, including plasma protein concentration, body composition, blood flow, tissue-protein concentration, and tissue fluid pH. Among these, changes in plasma protein concentration and body composition due to aging significantly affect how drugs are distributed within the body. Specifically, aging is associated with a decrease in albumin levels by about 10% and an increase in α1-acid glycoprotein levels. These alterations are not...
01:18Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism
Geriatric patients show significant variation in how their bodies process medications, which can change how effective and safe treatments are. The liver is the primary organ where drug metabolism occurs, involving two main types of chemical reactions: phase I and II. Phase I metabolism is driven by the cytochrome P450 enzyme system, which includes key types such as CYP3A, CYP2D6, and CYP2C9. Research indicates that while aging doesn't notably alter the levels or activity of these enzymes, it...
01:27Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age
Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...