寄生虫增强免疫疗法:将"冷"的瘤转化为"热"的战场
Yujun Xie1,2,3, Jinyan Wang4, Yafei Wang5
1Laboratory of Tumor Immunobiology, Department of Public Health and Pathogen Biology, College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine (College of Life Science), Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, 230012, China.
Cell communication and signaling : CCS
|September 26, 2024
概括
寄生虫感染可以将"冷"瘤转化为"热"部位,增强抗瘤免疫反应. 这种方法提供了一种有希望的策略,可以提高更多患者的癌症免疫疗法的有效性.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 寄生虫学的寄生虫学
背景情况:
- 目前的免疫疗法显示出可变的响应率,限制了它们对某些癌症患者的有效性.
- 迫切需要新的策略来增强抗瘤免疫力和扩大治疗效益.
- 某些寄生虫及其产物已显示出调节瘤微环境的潜力.
研究的目的:
- 审查寄生虫感染在癌症治疗中的潜力.
- 探索寄生虫如何将"冷"瘤转化为免疫活性环境.
- 讨论基于寄生虫感染的癌症治疗的挑战和未来方向.
主要方法:
- 关于寄生虫感染及其对瘤免疫力的影响的现有文献的综述.
- 分析表明瘤微环境中的寄生虫诱导变化的研究.
- 在临床前模型中检查免疫细胞激活和抗瘤反应.
主要成果:
- 寄生虫感染可以有效地重编程瘤微环境,使"冷"的瘤在免疫学上变得"热".
- 这些感染调节先天性免疫细胞 (例如,中性粒细胞,巨细胞,髓状细胞衍生的抑制细胞) 和自适应性免疫细胞 (例如,T细胞,B细胞).
- 寄生虫诱导的免疫反应包括CD4+/CD8+T细胞的激活,抗体产生和抗体依赖的细胞毒性,导致动物研究证实了抗瘤效应.
结论:
- 寄生虫及其产物通过刺激强大的抗瘤免疫反应,显示出作为抗癌剂的巨大潜力.
- 将寄生虫感染重新用于癌症免疫疗法可以克服当前治疗方法的局限性.
- 为了应对这些发现的成功临床转化所面临的挑战,进一步的研究是至关重要的.
相关概念视频
01:27Tumor Immunotherapy
491
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
491
01:30Cancer Vaccines
345
Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
345
02:17The Tumor Microenvironment
6.6K
Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
6.6K
01:27Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response
858
Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
858