新型地理位置的地理空间数据聚合方法:验证国会区预期寿命估计
Alina Schnake-Mahl1,2, Giancarlo Anfuso1,3, Stephanie M Hernandez1,3
1From the Urban Health Collaborative, Drexel Dornsife School of Public Health, Philadelphia, PA.
Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.)
|September 27, 2024
概括
在国会地区估计出生时预期寿命的地理空间聚合方法显示出强烈的共识. 这种验证支持将健康结果数据用于政策决策,以改善人口健康.
科学领域:
- 地理空间健康分析
- 公共卫生政策 公共卫生政策
- 人口统计方法 人口统计方法
背景情况:
- 位置显著影响健康结果.
- 估计小地理区域 (如人口普查区) 的健康结果,并将其汇总到政治边界 (如国会区) 是新的研究领域.
- 以前将人口普查区的预期寿命汇总到国会选区的方法缺乏验证.
研究的目的:
- 验证地理空间聚合方法来估计宾夕法尼亚州国会选区的预期寿命.
- 为了比较来自两个不同的数据源和方法的预期寿命估计.
主要方法:
- 将美国小区预期寿命估计项目 (US LEEP) 的数据与宾夕法尼亚州国会选区 (2010-2015年) 的生命统计数据进行了比较.
- 采用了对称的方法来计算人口加权的预期寿命,使用美国LEEP数据汇总到国会选区.
- 使用缩短寿命表计算预期寿命,用地理引用的生命统计数据汇总到国会区;使用相关性和Bland-Altman图表进行验证.
主要成果:
- 通过对称的美国LEEP方法获得的出生预期寿命估计和直接的生命统计数据估计之间观察到强烈一致.
- 75岁及以上的人的预期寿命估计显示,这两种方法之间的相关性较弱.
- 验证证实了对国会区水平预期寿命的对称聚合的可靠性.
结论:
- 地理空间聚合方法,特别是对称方法,已被验证用于新的地理位置,如国会选区.
- 在国会地区层面汇总的健康结果数据可以为政策提供信息.
- 这项研究支持基于证据的政策制定,以提高人口健康.
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