细菌氨基酸化学毒性:一种广泛的策略,具有多种生理和生态作用
Miguel A Matilla1, Tino Krell1
1Department of Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Granada, Spain.
Journal of bacteriology
|September 27, 2024
概括
细菌使用化学反应来指导运动,以响应化学信号. 本综述侧重于氨基酸 (AA) 化学反应,详细介绍其机制,受体和在细菌生态和病原性中的重要作用.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 细菌生理学 细菌生理学
- 化学感应是一种化学感应.
背景情况:
- 化学反应对于细菌的生存和与环境的相互作用至关重要.
- 细菌对各种化学信号表现出化学反应,氨基酸 (AAs) 是特别常见的吸引剂或驱逐剂.
- 在各种细菌生活方式中,AA化学反应起着至关重要的作用,包括有益和致病相互作用.
研究的目的:
- 审查细菌中氨基酸 (AA) 化学反应的机制和生物学意义.
- 要突出AA-响应性化学受体及其连接体结合域的多样性.
- 为研究未经表征的细菌物种中AA化学反应提供见解.
主要方法:
- 对细菌化学反应和氨基酸感应研究的文献综述.
- 化疗受体结构和带结合特性的分析.
- 综合了有关AA化学反应对生态和病原性影响的信息.
主要成果:
- 氨基酸 (AAs) 是常见的化学效应者,化学吸引力通常与它们的代谢价值有关.
- 细菌拥有多个AA特异性和广泛的化学受体,通常具有互补的连接体光谱.
- AA化学反应与生物膜的形成,宿主殖民化和病原体的毒性有关.
结论:
- 氨基酸 (AA) 化学反应是细菌中具有广泛生物学意义的基本过程.
- 了解AA化学反应机制和受体可以为研究细菌行为和相互作用提供信息.
- 对AA化学反应的进一步研究可以阐明细菌在各种生态系统和疾病过程中的作用.
相关概念视频
01:21Chemotaxis and Direction of Cell Migration
3.3K
Cells can detect chemical cues in their environment and reorganize the cytoskeleton to migrate toward them or away from them. This directional migration, called chemotaxis, is essential during embryogenesis and development, immune response, tissue repair and regeneration, and reproduction. These chemical cues can either attract or repel the cell's movement. For example, axon development is determined by a combination of chemoattractants and chemorepellents that direct the growing axon...
3.3K
01:30Bacterial Signaling
31.7K
Bacterial signaling can occur within bacteria (intracellular) or between bacteria (intercellular). At times, a group of bacteria behaves like a community. To achieve this, they engage in quorum sensing, the perception of higher cell density that causes changes in gene expression. Quorum sensing involves both extracellular and intracellular signaling. The signaling cascade starts with a molecule called an autoinducer (AI). Individual bacteria produce AIs that move out of the bacterial cell...
31.7K
02:26tRNA Activation
19.1K
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are present in both eukaryotes and bacteria. Though eukaryotes have 20 different aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases to couple to 20 amino acids, many bacteria do not have genes for all of these aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. Despite this, they still use all 20 amino acids to synthesize their proteins. For instance, some bacteria do not have the gene encoding the enzyme that couples glutamine with its partner tRNA. In these organisms, one enzyme adds glutamic acid to all of the...
19.1K
01:29Cytoskeletal Proteins in Bacteria
3.3K
Bacterial cells were initially considered simple, randomly organized structures lacking a cytoskeleton. However, the discovery of cytoskeleton homologs in bacteria led to the change of this opinion. Bacterial cytoskeletal filaments regulate the cell shape, cell polarity, cell division, and partitioning of plasmids during cell division. It was later discovered that bacterial cytoskeletal proteins, mainly actin and tubulin homologs, are diverse compared to their eukaryotic counterparts. On the...
3.3K
01:10Intracellular Movement of Viruses and Bacteria
2.8K
Intracellular bacteria and viruses often comprise a group of highly infectious pathogens that can cause several diseases. Bacterial pathogens include those belonging to the genus Rickettsia responsible for conditions such as rocky mountain spotted fever and the Mediterranean spotted fever; Chlamydia, a genus responsible for a sexually transmitted disease; Coxiella burnetii, an agent responsible for Q fever. Viral pathogens include vaccinia—a poxvirus, and herpes simplex virus—a...
2.8K
02:30Chirality in Nature
13.1K
Chirality is the most intriguing yet essential facet of nature, governing life’s biochemical processes and precision. It can be observed from a snail shell pattern in a macroscopic world to an amino acid, the minutest building block of life. Most of the snails around the world have right-coiled shells because of the intrinsic chirality in their genes. All the amino acids present in the human body exist in an enantiomerically pure state, except for glycine - the sole achiral amino acid.
13.1K