对自闭症和其他神经发育障碍患者的攻击性进行了长度研究
Dena Gohari1, Hillary Schiltz2, Catherine Lord2
1Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, 760 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA. dgohari@mednet.ucla.edu.
Journal of autism and developmental disorders
|September 27, 2024
概括
攻击性在自闭症和神经发育障碍中很常见,在9岁左右达到顶峰. 认知能力较弱的个体表现出更高的比率,非语言智商可能有助于防止持续的攻击性.
科学领域:
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
- 自闭症谱系障碍 自闭症谱系障碍
- 儿童和青少年精神病学 儿童和青少年精神病学
背景情况:
- 攻击性是自闭症和神经发育障碍 (NDD) 的常见挑战.
- 在这些人群中追踪侵略性发展的纵向研究很少.
- 了解侵略轨迹对于有效的临床干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 纵向研究自闭症和NDD患者的侵略性流行率和发育模式.
- 检查认知能力和自闭症症状严重程度对随着时间的推移对侵略的影响.
- 识别与侵略轨迹相关的预测因素和保护因素.
主要方法:
- 一项纵向研究追踪了254个人从幼儿时期到新兴成年期.
- 在2,9和18岁时使用标准化诊断工具评估了侵略性.
- 参与者被分为认知能力较强 (MCA;IQ ≥70) 或认知能力较弱 (LCA;IQ <70).
主要成果:
- 侵略性在各个发育阶段都很普遍,在学龄 (69%) 达到顶峰.
- 与MCA个体相比,LCA个体在学龄 (80%) 和新兴成年期 (58%) 中表现出明显更高的侵略率.
- 显而易见的纵向特征出现了:持续的侵略性 (31%),增加 (25%),减少 (23%),从来没有侵略性 (13%). 更高的非语言智商和更少的重复行为与侵略性的减少或不存在有关.
结论:
- 自闭症和NDD中的攻击性很常见,具有不同的发展轨迹.
- 认知能力,特别是非语言智商和重复行为在侵略模式中发挥着作用.
- 研究结果通过突出关键发育时期和确定有针对性的支持的风险小组,为临床实践提供信息.
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