在新诊断的多发性骨髓瘤中,达拉图穆马布与勒那利多米德作为移植后的维护:AURIGA研究
Ashraf Badros1, Laahn Foster2, Larry D Anderson3
1Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD.
Blood
|September 27, 2024
概括
与单独使用莱纳利多米德 (R) 相比,Daratumumab和莱纳利多米德 (D-R) 维护显著改善了新诊断的多发性骨髓瘤患者移植后的最小残留疾病 (MRD) 阴性和无进展生存率. D-R维护提供了优越的治疗选择,可控的安全性.
科学领域:
- 血液学 血液学 血液学
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 临床试验 临床试验
背景情况:
- 自主干细胞移植 (ASCT) 后多发性骨髓瘤 (MM) 的标准维持疗法通常涉及lenalidomide (R).
- 达拉图穆马布加上莱纳利多米德 (D-R) 维护与ASCT后单独R的直接比较是有限的.
- 最小残留疾病 (MRD) 的负面性是MM的关键预后指标.
研究的目的:
- 评估D-R维护与R维护在ASCT后新诊断多发性骨髓瘤 (NDMM) 患者的疗效和安全性.
- 为了比较两个维持策略之间的MRD负转换率和无进展生存 (PFS).
- 评估D-R维护对整体响应率的影响.
主要方法:
- 在200名NDMM患者的3期AURIGA研究中,NDMM患者获得了非常好的部分反应或更好,MRD阳性 (10-5),以及ASCT后的反CD38-naïve.
- 随机 1:1 分配到 D-R 维护 (n=99) 或 R 维护 (n=101) 最多 36 个周期.
- 主要终点:MRD阴性 (10-5) 转化率12个月;二级终点包括MRD阴性 (10-6) 转化,整体反应和PFS.
主要成果:
- 显著更高的MRD阴性 (10-5) 转化率在12个月后与D-R (50.5%) 相比R (18.8%) (OR,4.51;P < .0001).
- 在中位数随访时,D-R维持也显示了较高的MRD阴性 (10-6) 转换 (23.2%对5.0%;P = .0002) 和整体MRD阴性 (10-5) 转换 (60.6%对27.7%;P < .0001).
- 无进展生存期 (PFS) 与D-R显著改善 (HR,0.53;30个月PFS:82.7%与66.4%对比).
- 使用D-R观察到更高的完全响应率或更好的完全响应率 (75.8%与61.4%相比;P = .0255).
- 随着D-R,注意到3/4级细胞衰竭和感染的发病率略有增加.
结论:
- 在ASCT后的NDMM患者中,daratumumab加上lenalidomide (D-R) 维护在实现MRD负面性和改善PFS方面优于单独的lenalidomide (R).
- D-R疗法表现出有利的风险/益处概况,提供更高的疗效,而不会引发新的重大安全问题.
- 这些发现支持D-R维护作为ASCT后MRD阳性NDMM患者的有价值的治疗选择.
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