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推拉电解质设计策略使高压低温金属电池成为可能

Zhuangzhuang Cui¹, Dazhuang Wang¹, Jiasen Guo¹

¹Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.

Journal of the American Chemical Society

|September 27, 2024

概括

使用2,2-二乙烯三甲硫酸盐 (DTF) 的新型推拉电解质设计可在超低温度下实现高性能金属电池. 这一突破解决了缓慢的动力学和不稳定的介面,为极端条件下的电池铺平了道路.

科学领域:

材料科学
电化学
能量储存

背景情况:

() 金属电池具有高能量密度,但由于充电传输缓慢和界面不稳定,其低温性能较差.
传统的电解质阻碍了离子溶解,并在低温下促进溶剂分解.
电解质中的现有溶解结构阻碍了在超低温度下有效的离子运输.

研究的目的:

在超低温度下设计一种新型电解质系统以提高金属电池的性能.
研究分子静电电位 (ESP) 在设计最佳电解质辅溶剂中的作用.
提高在-40°C下运行的金属电池的电荷传输动力和相间稳定性.

主要方法:

使用分子静电潜力 (ESP) 选,以确定2,2-二乙烯三甲硫酸盐 (DTF) 是最佳的辅溶剂.
设计了一种"推拉"电解质策略,利用DTF的独特电子特性.
在40°C的设计电解质下测试的LiNi_0.8Mn_0.1Co_0.1O₂ (NMC811)

主要成果:

DTF辅溶剂平衡了离子亲和力,促进了溶解和重建溶解结构.
设计的电解质能够快速转移电荷,并形成强大的无机丰富的介面.
在40°C下实现稳定的循环运行,在4.8V的100个循环后保持超过93%的电容.

结论:

推拉电解质设计策略有效地提高了金属电池的低温性能.
作为辅溶剂,DTF促进了有效的离子解溶和稳定的相间形成.
这项研究有助于开发在极端温度条件下工作的电解质.

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