减少因非传染性疾病和伤害造成的死亡率的经济价值
Stéphane Verguet1, Sarah Bolongaita2,3, Angela Y Chang4,5
1Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA. verguet@hsph.harvard.edu.
Nature medicine
|September 27, 2024
概括
从非传染性疾病和伤害中减少可避免的死亡率的经济价值的量化可以指导卫生系统的资源分配. 这项研究提供了主要死亡原因的经济指标,有助于制定健康长寿政策决策.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 卫生经济学 卫生经济学
- 老年学是指老年学的学科.
背景情况:
- 人口老龄化对国家卫生系统在资源分配方面带来了重大挑战.
- 世界银行的健康长寿倡议旨在为促进健康长寿和人力资本的政策提供证据.
- 有效的资源配置需要了解卫生干预措施的经济影响.
研究的目的:
- 量化减少主要非传染性疾病和伤害导致的可避免死亡率的经济价值.
- 为制定多部门优先事项和就预算和资源分配进行高级别政策讨论提供数据.
- 为政策投资提供信息,以增强健康的寿命和人力资本.
主要方法:
- 根据不同地理区域的2000年,2019年和2050年因死亡原因估计的可避免死亡率.
- 使用已建立的经济估值技术计算了这种可避免的死亡率的经济价值.
- 在分析中分别考虑了高收入国家,印度和中国.
主要成果:
- 降低心血管疾病可避免的死亡率提供了实质性的经济效益,占全球年收入的2-8%.
- 减少癌症死亡率的经济收益估计为高收入国家和中国的年收入的5-6%.
- 减少与伤害相关的可避免死亡率显示出显著的经济价值,在撒哈拉以南非洲和拉丁美洲/加勒比地区约占年收入的5%.
结论:
- 可避免死亡率的经济估值为卫生政策和资源分配决策提供了关键指标.
- 这些发现支持对旨在改善健康寿命和减少非传染性疾病和伤害负担的政策进行基于证据的投资.
- 尽管存在固有的不确定性,但量化经济价值为多部门优先设定提供了可比的指标.
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