在SARS-CoV-2尖端特定的鼻腔居民CD49a+CD8+内存T细胞中,具有增强的IFN-γ生产,具有立即效应器功能
Min-Seok Rha1,2, Gyeongyeob Kim1, Sol Lee1
1Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Nature communications
|September 27, 2024
概括
针对SARS-CoV-2的特异性T细胞位于鼻腔粘膜中,可以防止再感染. 这些组织内存T细胞,特别是CD49a+子集,在再次暴露时表现出快速的效应器功能.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 呼吸系统医学 呼吸系统医学
背景情况:
- 鼻腔粘膜中的病毒特异性T细胞对于防止再感染至关重要.
- 了解鼻腔粘膜中SARS-CoV-2特异性T细胞的表型和功能对于疫苗和治疗开发至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查 SARS-CoV-2 特定的 T 细胞的表型和功能,在接种疫苗的个体与或没有突破性感染 (BTI) 的鼻腔粘膜.
- 为了确定这些鼻腔T细胞在接种疫苗或BTI后的持久性和效应能力.
主要方法:
- 对从鼻腔外科手术参与者的鼻腔T细胞上激活诱导的标记物和MHC-I多重染色的分析.
- 通过表位和CITE-seq分析进行ex vivo刺激,以评估T细胞功能.
- SARS-CoV-2尖端 (S) 反应性CD8+T细胞的表型特征,包括CD103和CD49a表达.
主要成果:
- 显著比例的S-反应性鼻腔CD8+T细胞表达CD103,一个组织寄存的标记物.
- 在没有感染的疫苗接种者和患有BTI的疫苗接种者中检测到组织寄存的S特异性CD8+T细胞.
- 这些鼻腔T细胞在抗原暴露后持续超过一年,CD49a+亚群在刺激时表现出快速的IFN-γ产生.
结论:
- 在接种疫苗或BTI后建立了SARS-CoV-2-特定的鼻腔寄存CD49a+CD8+记忆T细胞.
- 这些细胞表现出快速效应器功能,这表明它们在控制SARS-CoV-2感染和粘膜表面的再感染方面发挥了关键作用.
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