前额叶皮层对驾驶者负面情绪刺激的反应的性别差异
Ferran Balada1,2, Anton Aluja1,3, Óscar García1,4
1Lleida Institute for Biomedical Research, Dr. Pifarré Foundation, 25198 Lleida, Spain.
Brain sciences
|September 28, 2024
概括
患有离散驾驶风格的男性驾驶员在观看事故图像时显示出前额前脑活动减少. 这与女性司机形成鲜明对比,表明驾驶行为,情绪处理和道路安全之间存在联系.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 道路交通安全 道路交通安全
背景情况:
- 道路安全是政府关心的一个关键问题,驾驶员的行为显著影响了事故发生率.
- 情绪调节在驾驶安全方面发挥着至关重要的作用,但在情绪处理过程中前额叶皮层的活动显示出变化.
- 以前的功能近红外光谱学 (fNIRS) 研究对前额叶皮层对情绪刺激的反应产生了不一致的发现.
研究的目的:
- 调查前额叶皮层 (PFC) 对负面情绪刺激的血液动力反应,特别是交通事故图像.
- 检查年龄和性别如何影响PFC活动,以应对与交通相关的情绪刺激.
- 探索在情感图像感知过程中驾驶风格和PFC激活之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 118名男性和84名女性司机参与了这项研究,他们使用多维驾驶风格清单 (MDSI) 进行了评估.
- 功能近红外光谱学 (fNIRS) 监测了前额氧化水平.
- 参与者观看了交通事故和中性图像,以比较大脑活动.
主要成果:
- 与男性相比,女性认为交通事故和中性图像的价值较低.
- 对于两性之间的交通事故图像,观察到显著的兴奋差异.
- 在分离式驾驶风格得分和前额氧化之间发现了反向相关性.
- 男性司机在观看中性与事故图像时,表现出两个半球之间的更大的前额外氧化差异.
结论:
- 适应不良的驾驶风格,特别是男性驾驶员的分离性特征,与暴露于情感和中性图像时的前额氧化减少有关.
- 这种神经生理反应模式在女性驾驶员中没有观察到.
- 在观察到的前额活动模式中,没有发现与年龄相关的显著差异.
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