惯性飞轮训练与突出偏心负载训练对训练良好的男性大学短跑者的力量,动力和速度的影响
Zhongzhong Hu1, Yuhang Liu2, Keke Huang1
1School of Sports Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
Life (Basel, Switzerland)
|September 28, 2024
概括
惯性飞轮训练 (FWT) 和突出偏心负载训练 (AELT) 都可以提高冲刺表现. 然而,FWT在反运动跳跃和弹性能量利用方面表现出比男性大学短跑者AELT更好的改善.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 生物力学 生物力学
背景情况:
- 神经肌肉性能对于短跑者来说至关重要.
- 惯性飞轮训练 (FWT) 和突出偏心负载训练 (AELT) 是提高力量和功率的先进方法.
- 在训练有素的短跑者中比较FWT和AELT的疗效对于优化训练方案至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较八周FWT与AELT对男性大学短跑运动员神经肌肉性能的影响.
- 为了评估最大强度 (1RM),爆炸力 (CMJ,SJ),弹性能量利用率 (EUR) 和冲刺速度 (30米冲刺) 的变化.
主要方法:
- 14名训练有素的男大学短跑运动员被随机分配到FWT (n=7) 或AELT (n=7) 组.
- 两个小组每周进行两次监督式坐训练,持续8周.
- 在干预前和后评估神经肌肉性能,使用1RM背,反运动跳跃 (CMJ),跳跃 (SJ),弹性利用率 (EUR),站长跳跃 (SLJ) 和30米冲刺.
主要成果:
- 无论是FWT还是AELT,都显著提高了1RM,CMJ,SJ,SLJ和30米冲刺的表现.
- 与AELT组相比,FWT组在CMJ和EUR中表现出明显更大的改善.
- 在1RM,SJ,SLJ和30m冲刺中没有发现群体之间的显著差异,但FWT显示了CMJ和EUR更大的改进趋势.
结论:
- FWT和AELT都是有效的训练方法,用于增强短跑者的下肢力量,功率和速度.
- 在改善弹性能量储存和利用方面,FWT似乎优于AELT,这对于拉伸缩短周期效率至关重要.
- 这些发现表明,FWT可能为寻求最大限度地提高爆炸力和弹性特性的短跑者提供额外的好处.
相关概念视频
Exercise and Muscle Performance
1.4K
Exercise induces a range of adaptations in muscle tissue, depending on the type and duration of activity. Such physical training can be broadly categorized into two types: endurance exercises and resistance exercises.
Endurance exercises
Endurance exercises involve running, swimming, or cycling, which require repetitive movements with low force output. When a person engages in endurance exercise, a few noticeable changes occur in their skeletal muscles. For instance, the number of capillaries...
Endurance exercises
Endurance exercises involve running, swimming, or cycling, which require repetitive movements with low force output. When a person engages in endurance exercise, a few noticeable changes occur in their skeletal muscles. For instance, the number of capillaries...
1.4K
Eccentric Loading
326
Eccentric loading is a crucial concept in the study of structural engineering and mechanics, particularly when analyzing the stability and stress distribution in columns. Unlike centric loading, where the force is applied along the centroidal axis, causing uniform compression, eccentric loading occurs when a force is applied off-center. This off-center application introduces not only direct compressive stress but also bending stress, significantly influencing the column's behavior under...
326
Exercise and Cardiac Output
938
Regular physical activity is essential for maintaining cardiovascular health, with aerobic exercises being particularly effective. According to the American Heart Association, 150 minutes of moderate to intense aerobic exercise per week is recommended for a healthy heart. Aerobic activities may include brisk walking, running, bicycling, cross-country skiing, and swimming, ideally performed three to five times per week.
Sustained exercise increases the muscles' oxygen demand, which can be...
Sustained exercise increases the muscles' oxygen demand, which can be...
938
Muscle Stimulation Frequency
2.0K
The contraction strength of muscles is regulated by motor neurons, which modulate the frequency of action potentials dispatched to the motor units based on the body's requirements. This process of varying the muscle stimulation frequency allows muscles to contract with a force that is precisely tailored to the needs of the moment, whether lifting a feather or a heavy box.
Wave summation
At low firing rates, motor neurons induce individual twitch contractions in muscle fibers. These twitches...
Wave summation
At low firing rates, motor neurons induce individual twitch contractions in muscle fibers. These twitches...
2.0K
Force and Momentum
15.4K
Force and momentum are intimately related. Force acting over time can change momentum, and Newton's second law of motion can be stated in its most broadly applicable form in terms of momentum. Momentum can be applied to systems where the mass is changing, such as rockets, as well as to systems of constant mass. Also, momentum continues to be a key concept in the study of atomic and subatomic particles in quantum mechanics. One can consider systems with varying mass in some detail; however,...
15.4K


