产前营养因素和神经发育障碍:叙述性审查
Federica Cernigliaro1, Andrea Santangelo2,3, Rosaria Nardello1
1Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialities "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy.
Life (Basel, Switzerland)
|September 28, 2024
概括
母亲的营养显著影响后代的神经发育障碍. 优化产前和孕前营养可以通过解决遗传和环境因素来降低风险.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展生物学 发展生物学
- 营养科学 营养科学
背景情况:
- 神经发育障碍 (NDD) 是一种在发育过程中出现的异质状况,影响沟通,社交技能,学习和行为.
- 病因学是多因素的,涉及遗传,环境和表观遗传因素,如DNA甲基化和miRNA.
- 营养因素与遗传学一起,在NDD病理生理学中起着至关重要的作用,影响胚胎大脑发育和长期健康结果.
研究的目的:
- 审查有关将营养与NDD联系起来的生理病理机制的文献.
- 突出产前和怀孕前营养对后代健康的影响.
- 强调母亲营养状况在降低NDD风险方面的重要性.
主要方法:
- 科学评论的文献分析.
- 搜索的关键词:"母亲营养和神经发育障碍"在PubMed和谷歌学者.
- 选择的主要审查,不包括个案.
主要成果:
- 营养显著影响健康,特别是在发育过程中,影响胚胎大脑发育.
- 产前和怀孕前的营养影响了对各种病理的倾向,包括NDD.
- 适当的宏观和微量营养素摄入量,饮食类型和避免重金属至关重要,而不仅仅是热量摄入量或BMI.
结论:
- 控制可修改的营养因素可以减少NDD的发生率.
- 改善母亲的营养状况是减少后代NDD风险的关键.
- 营养遗传学和营养基因组学强调需要个性化的营养策略,未来的研究重点是建立母体摄入量参考值.
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