生物塑料应用中的机遇和挑战:从配方,加工和性能的角度来看
Daniela Negrete-Bolagay1, Víctor H Guerrero1
1Department of Materials, Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Quito 170525, Ecuador.
Polymers
|September 28, 2024
概括
生物塑料为传统塑料提供了一个可持续的替代品,解决了环境问题. 本综述探讨了添加剂,生物质和加工方法,以优化生物塑料的特性,以实现循环经济.
科学领域:
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 化学工程是化学工程的重要组成部分.
背景情况:
- 传统的塑料由于产量增加和废物管理不足而带来了重大环境挑战.
- 在循环经济中,对可回收和可生物降解的可持续材料的需求越来越大.
- 生物塑料正在成为传统塑料的可行替代品,需要进行生命周期评估才能有效实施.
研究的目的:
- 审查添加剂,生物质来源和加工技术对生物塑料性质的影响.
- 突出生物塑化剂和其他添加剂在提高生物塑料性能方面的作用.
- 分析各种非合成生物塑料,包括纤维素,红素,粉,酸盐和复合材料.
主要方法:
- 讨论已建立的制造工艺,如挤出,注入,压缩和吹成型,用于大规模生产.
- 对各种应用的增材制造技术,特别是化沉积模型的分析.
- 关于不同组件和加工对机械,热和生物降解性质的影响的文献综述.
主要成果:
- 各种添加剂 (生物可塑剂,表面活性剂,兼容剂等) 显著影响机械和热性能,以及生物降解性.
- 纤维素,木质素,粉,酸盐和复合材料是关键的非合成生物塑料材料.
- 传统和增材制造工艺适用于工业生物塑料生产,而化沉积模型在专业应用中越来越受欢迎.
结论:
- 技术创新,经济激励和政策变化对于推动生物塑料的发展至关重要.
- 将个别解决方案与更广泛的战略相结合,可以减轻塑料对环境的影响.
- 需要进一步的研究和开发来克服挑战,并满足生物塑料的商业要求.
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