KSHV ORF20 促进了协调的狂热反应,以增加传染性颗粒的产生
Odelia Orbaum-Harel1,2, Anna Sloutskin1, Inna Kalt1,2
1The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel.
Viruses
|September 28, 2024
概括
卡波西的肉瘤相关的疹病毒开放阅读框架20 (ORF20) 蛋白质促进病毒复制和传染性颗粒的产生. 它的内核酶活性对于高效的KSHV溶解活性和协调的病毒基因表达至关重要.
科学领域:
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 在瘤学瘤学.
背景情况:
- 卡波西肉瘤相关的疹病毒 (KSHV) 导致终身感染,并与卡波西肉瘤等癌症有关.
- 开放式读取框架20 (ORF20) 属于保存的疹病毒UL24蛋白家族,并具有假定的内核酶基因.
- 在KSHV感染期间ORF20及其异型的特定功能在很大程度上仍未被描述.
研究的目的:
- 研究KSHV ORF20在病毒感染和复制中的作用.
- 为了确定ORF20假定的内核酶活性的功能意义.
- 为了阐明ORF20对病毒溶液活性和基因表达的影响.
主要方法:
- 一个重组ORF20-Null KSHV基因组的生成.
- 在iSLK细胞中重建KSHV基因组以确定潜伏感染.
- 使用ORF20异型和一个内核酶突变的功能补充分析.
主要成果:
- ORF20-Null KSHV感染导致病毒mRNA转录加速,较早的溶性蛋白积累,并增加了病毒DNA拷贝.
- 在ORF20-Null感染细胞中,在重新激活后观察到病毒产量显著下降和细胞死亡增加.
- 补充短ORF20异型挽救了KSHV的产生和减少细胞死亡,而内核酶突变体未能增强Lytic的活性化.
- 在ORF20-Null感染细胞中,IL6和CXCL8的表达减少.
结论:
- KSHV ORF20蛋白质,特别是其内核酶基因,对于促进协调的反应激活至关重要.
- ORF20促进有效的传染性颗粒的产生,并调节病毒基因表达,包括IL6和CXCL8.
- 短ORF20异型足以挽救KSHV的产生,并减轻ORF20-null相关的细胞死亡.
相关概念视频
01:30Lytic Cycle of Bacteriophages
70.4K
Bacteriophages, also known as phages, are specialized viruses that infect bacteria. A key characteristic of phages is their distinctive “head-tail” morphology. A phage begins the infection process (i.e., lytic cycle) by attaching to the outside of a bacterial cell. Attachment is accomplished via proteins in the phage tail that bind to specific receptor proteins on the outer surface of the bacterium. The tail injects the phage’s DNA genome into the bacterial cytoplasm. In the...
70.4K
01:29Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens
760
The immune system's response to viral infections is a complex and coordinated process involving natural killer (NK) cells, T cell-mediated responses, and antibody-mediated responses.
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...
760
00:57Viral Recombination
23.3K
Cells are sometimes infected by more than one virus at once. When two viruses disassemble to expose their genomes for replication in the same cell, similar regions of their genomes can pair together and exchange sequences in a process called recombination. Alternatively, viruses with segmented genomes can swap segments in a process called reassortment.
23.3K
02:33Retroviruses
12.2K
Retroviruses and retrotransposons both insert copies of their genetic elements into the genome of the host cell. Thus, the viral genes are passed on when the host genome is replicated or translated. A typical retroviral DNA sequence contains 3-4 genes that encode the different proteins required for its structural assembly and function as a molecular parasite. This DNA is transcribed into a single mRNA, which is very similar in structure to conventional mRNAs, i.e., it is capped at the 5’...
12.2K
00:43Lysogenic Cycle of Bacteriophages
61.9K
In contrast to the lytic cycle, phages infecting bacteria via the lysogenic cycle do not immediately kill their host cell. Instead, they combine their genome with the host genome, allowing the bacteria to replicate the phage DNA along with the bacterial genome. The incorporated copy of the phage genome is called the prophage. Some prophages can re-activate and enter the lytic cycle. This often occurs in response to a perturbation, such as DNA damage, but can also transpire in the absence of...
61.9K