与艾滋病毒感染者接种疫苗充足度相关的因素:一项跨部门研究
Larissa Gerin1,2, Andrey Oeiras Pedroso2, Marcela Antonini2
1Epidemiological Surveillance Office at Ribeirão Preto Municipal Health Department, Ribeirão Preto 14015100, São Paulo, Brazil.
Vaccines
|September 28, 2024
概括
艾滋病毒感染者 (PLHIV) 的疫苗接种率极低,只有7.3%的人遵守推的疫苗接种计划. 年龄,临床随访地点和最后一次接种疫苗的地点预测了坚持,强调了针对性干预的必要性.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
背景情况:
- 艾滋病毒感染者 (PLHIV) 面临疫苗可预防疾病的风险增加.
- 保持推的疫苗接种计划对于PLHIV的健康结果至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在PLHIV中确定遵守推疫苗接种计划的预测因素.
- 评估这一群体中9种关键免疫剂的疫苗接种情况.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及巴西645名PLHIV的横截面研究.
- 评估了针对白喉/结节炎,乙型肝炎,甲型肝炎,MMR,黄热病,肺炎球菌 (13-和23-性),脑膜炎球菌C和HPV的疫苗接种情况.
- 使用后勤回归来分析社会人口统计学,临床和社会脆弱性因素.
主要成果:
- 只有7.3%的PLHIV患者有足够的疫苗接种计划.
- 脊髓灰质炎/疹疫苗覆盖率最高 (82.6%),而麻疹/疹/红疹 (MMR) 覆盖率最低 (37.7%).
- 充分接种疫苗的关键预测因素包括年龄组,临床随访地点和最后一次接种疫苗的地点.
结论:
- 在PLHIV中,免疫覆盖率低于最佳是普遍存在的.
- 针对PLHIV和医疗保健提供者的教育干预措施对于提高疫苗接种率至关重要.
- 解决已识别的预测因素可以提高这个脆弱群体的疫苗坚持.
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