生命最后十年的残疾:来自奥地利基于登记册的研究的证据
Erwin Stolz1, Anna Schultz2, Julia Zuschnegg2
1Institute of Social Medicine and Epidemiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria. erwin.stolz@medunigraz.at.
European journal of ageing
|September 28, 2024
概括
登记数据显示,晚年残疾的患病率比调查显示的要高. 收到的残疾福利在离死亡更近时显著增加,因性别和死亡原因而异,影响了长期护理费用.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 卫生经济学 卫生经济学
背景情况:
- 关于晚年残疾的调查数据往往缺乏代表性,原因是抽样偏见.
- 准确测量残疾患病率对于了解长期护理需求至关重要.
- 奥地利长期护理津贴 (ALTCA) 为晚年残疾提供了潜在的替代品.
研究的目的:
- 使用奥地利长期护理津贴 (ALTCA) 的登记数据作为晚年残疾的代理.
- 分析生命最后十年中残疾的发生率和持续时间.
- 检查残疾,性别,死亡年龄和死亡的根本原因之间的关联.
主要方法:
- 使用注册数据进行回顾性死亡后续研究.
- 在2020年65岁以上的死者中获得奥地利长期护理津贴 (ALTCA) 的分析 (n=76,781).
- 检查ALTCA持续时间和与性别,死亡年龄和死亡原因的关联.
主要成果:
- 接受ALTCA的平均时间为3.5年 (男性) 和5.3年 (女性).
- 在死亡前,残疾福利收入急剧增加:10% (男性) 和25% (女性) 在10年前,上升到56%和77%在1年前.
- 更高的残疾患病率和更长的持续时间与痴呆症,帕金森病,慢性心脏/肺部疾病有关;较低的癌症,心肌梗塞,外部原因.
结论:
- 基于登记册的估计表明,晚年残疾的患病率高于之前基于调查的研究.
- 随着死亡年龄的增长,残疾的持续时间和可能性增加,并受到死亡原因的强烈影响.
- 随着预期寿命的增长和慢性病死亡人数的增加,人们必须意识到欧洲老龄化社会中长期护理成本的上升.
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