在埃塞俄比亚南部,6-59个月的儿童中,营养不良及其决定因素
Muluken Yigezu1, Taemyalewu Zenebe2, Tariku Deresse3
1Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dire Dawa University, P.O. Box: 1362, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia. muluadambyigezu@gmail.com.
Scientific reports
|September 28, 2024
概括
营养不良,包括体重不足,衰减和发育迟缓,在埃塞俄比亚五岁以下的儿童中普遍存在. 关键因素包括出生体重低,饮食不良,疫苗接种不完整,家庭规模大,出生间隔短.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
- 营养科学 营养科学
背景情况:
- 营养不良导致五岁以下儿童在低收入和中等收入国家超过三分之一的死亡,埃塞俄比亚是关键的关注领域.
- 营养不良在很大程度上是可以预防的,这凸显了针对弱势群体进行有针对性的干预的必要性.
研究的目的:
- 确定埃塞俄比亚Gedio地区6-59个月龄的儿童中营养不良 (体重不足,消耗,衰老) 的流行情况.
- 确定与这个年龄组中各种形式的营养不良相关的关键因素.
主要方法:
- 一项基于社区的横截面研究,涉及403名通过随机抽样选择的儿童及其母亲.
- 人类测量测量结果采集并使用WHO-Anthro软件 (版本3.2.2) 转换为Z分数.
- 包括后勤回归在内的统计分析被用来确定营养状况与各种因素之间的显著关联.
主要成果:
- 发病率为:体重不足19.7%,浪费10%,发育迟缓49%.
- 与体重不足相关的因素包括出生体重低,饮食不多样化和疫苗接种不完整.
- 浪费与大家庭规模 (≥5),不频繁的饮食 (<3/day) 和短的分娩间隔 (<24个月) 有关. 衰老与年龄较大 (≥24个月),饮食不多样化,母乳养时间短 (<12个月) 和母亲BMI低 (<18.5) 相关.
结论:
- 埃塞俄比亚Gedio地区的儿童中存在显著的体重不足,衰减和发育迟缓.
- 儿童营养不良是多因素的,受出生体重,饮食多样性,疫苗接种状况,家庭特征,母乳养习惯和母亲营养的影响.
- 促进更健康的养,饮食多样化,最佳母乳养,完整的疫苗接种,适当的分娩间隔和改善母亲营养的干预措施对于减少营养不良至关重要.
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