在碎片化的北极森林景观中,领土竞争者的共存
Jouni Sorvari1,2, Esa Huhta3, Harri Hakkarainen4
1Natural Resources Institute Finland, Latokartanonkaari 9, 00790, Helsinki, Finland. jouni.sorvari@luke.fi.
Oecologia
|September 28, 2024
概括
两个竞争的北方物种Formica aquilonia和Formica polyctena显示出不同的息地偏好. 虽然它们在小森林区内互相避开,但它们可以在适度分散的景观中共存.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 动物学 动物学
- 森林科学 森林科学 森林科学
背景情况:
- 北极物种,特别是Formica rufa群,在不齐的息地中占据主导地位.
- 由于多巢繁殖,Formica aquilonia和Formica polyctena需要很大的领土,这影响了它们的分布.
研究的目的:
- 研究北极森林中Formica aquilonia和Formica polyctena的共存和息地模式.
- 了解息地碎片化如何影响这两种竞争性木物种的分布.
主要方法:
- 实地研究比较两种物种巢穴周围的森林特征.
- 使用0.79公的采样地块和更大的空间尺度 (78.5公) 来评估物种分布.
- 分析了与森林面积和碎片化相关的息地占用率.
主要成果:
- 两种物种都喜欢类似的森林特征,但在小 (0.79公) 的地块上并不共存,这表明竞争性排斥.
- 比起F. polyctena,Formica aquilonia更频繁地占据了较大的森林区域.
- 在较大的规模上,Formica polyctena对较小的森林区域的耐受性比F. aquilonia更大.
结论:
- 这些木物种可以在中度碎片化的北极森林中共存,尽管在较小规模的竞争中被排除在外.
- 息地丧失,碎片化和气候变化可能会在未来有利于Formica polyctena而不是Formica aquilonia.
- 了解物种间的竞争对于北极森林生态系统的管理和保护至关重要.
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