语言网络功能连接的成像遗传学揭示了与语言相关的能力,阅读障碍和手性相关的联系
Jitse S Amelink1, Merel C Postema1, Xiang-Zhen Kong1,2,3
1Language and Genetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Communications biology
|September 28, 2024
概括
遗传因素影响大脑的语言网络. 这项研究确定了影响语言网络组织及其不对称性的基因,将它们与语言能力和手性联系起来.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 遗传学 遗传学 是一个
- 认知科学 认知科学
背景情况:
- 语言处理依赖于分布式的大脑网络,左半球起着重要作用.
- 了解这种网络的遗传基础对于全面了解语言至关重要.
- 以前的研究已经开始探索对语言的遗传影响,但对整个网络的遗传架构缺乏详细的分析.
研究的目的:
- 研究大脑语言网络的遗传架构,包括内半球和外半球连接.
- 确定与语言网络组织及其半球不对称性相关的特定遗传位置和基因.
- 探索遗传倾向,语言网络不对称性和语言能力,阅读障碍和双手等行为特征之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 利用英国生物库29681名参与者的静止状态功能磁共振成像 (fMRI) 数据.
- 在18个左半球语言区域,它们的右半球对应物和半球间连接的连接性测量上进行了多变体全基因组关联分析 (mGWAS).
- 进行了对整个外体的关联分析 (Exome-AWAS),重点关注罕见的,改变蛋白质的遗传变异.
主要成果:
- 确定了14个与整体语言网络相关的基因组位置,使用常见的遗传变异 (>1%的频率).
- 发现的这三个位置也与半球内连接的不对称性有关.
- 发现对较低语言能力,阅读障碍和左撇子的多基因倾向与功能连接中的左向不对称性减少有关.
- 通过对罕见变异 (<1%的频率) 的外体范围关联分析提出了7个额外的基因.
结论:
- 这项研究阐明了对大脑语言网络组织的遗传贡献.
- 这些发现突出了特定的基因和基因组区域,影响了语言网络结构和半球专业化.
- 这些遗传因素与语言相关能力和特征的变化有关,例如阅读障碍和手性.
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