使用传统机器学习和基于CTPA图像的深度学习来预测急性肺栓塞的短期不良临床结果
Dawei Wang1, Rong Chen2, Wenjiang Wang2
1Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei, 075000, China.
Journal of thrombosis and thrombolysis
|September 28, 2024
概括
使用计算机断层扫描肺血管图像 (CTPA) 的机器学习和深度学习模型可以预测急性肺栓塞 (APE) 患者的不良结果. 深度学习模型,特别是Vgg 19,显示出优异的预测性能,有助于临床管理.
科学领域:
- 放射学 放射学是一门学科.
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 心脏病学 心脏病学
背景情况:
- 急性肺栓塞 (APE) 具有显著的短期风险.
- 准确预测不良结果对于及时的临床干预至关重要.
- 计算机断层扫描肺血管造影 (CTPA) 是APE的主要诊断工具.
研究的目的:
- 评估机器学习 (ML) 和深度学习 (DL) 算法的预测性能,使用CTPA衍生的血栓纹理特征来评估APE患者的短期不良结果.
- 为了比较传统的ML模型与先进的DL模型在预测APE预后方面的有效性.
- 确定关键的成像生物标志物,以改善APE的风险分层.
主要方法:
- 对132名患有CTPA的APE患者进行了回顾性分析.
- 使用3D-Slicer进行血栓细分和3D纹理特征提取.
- 通过最小绝对收缩和选择运算符 (LASSO) 算法进行特征选择.
- 开发和评估ML (逻辑回归,随机森林,决策树,支持矢量机) 和DL (ResNet 50,Vgg 19) 的预测模型.
- 使用接收器操作特征 (ROC) 曲线和曲线下的面积 (AUC) 的性能评估.
主要成果:
- 糖尿病,RV/LV比率≥1.0,和Qanadli指数是预后不佳的独立预测因素 (P<0.05).
- 从750个提取的特征中确定了四个关键的纹理特征.
- 结合临床和纹理特征模型,AUC达到0.89.
- 深度学习模型的表现优于ML模型:Vgg 19 (AUC 0.94) 和ResNet 50 (AUC 0.91).
- Vgg 19表现出高精度 (0.93),回忆 (0.76),特异性 (0.95),以及F1得分 (0.84).
结论:
- 使用CTPA血栓纹理特征的ML和DL模型显示了APE短期不良结果的显著预测价值.
- 深度学习模型,特别是Vgg 19,与传统的ML模型相比,提供更高的预测准确度.
- 这些人工智能驱动的方法可能会增强临床决策和改善APE管理中的患者预后.
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