长期暴露于空气污染和美国老年人的身体残疾事件:一个队列研究
Jiaqi Gao1, Carlos F Mendes de Leon2, Boya Zhang1
1Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
The lancet. Healthy longevity
|September 29, 2024
概括
暴露于空气污染,包括细颗粒物 (PM2.5) 和二氧化 (NO2),与老年人身体残疾风险增加有关. 需要进一步的研究来证实这些关联,并探索缓解策略.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 老年学是指老年学的学科.
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 身体残疾是老年人健康状况的重要指标,通常与慢性疾病有关.
- 尽管空气污染是已知的慢性疾病风险因素,但空气污染与身体残疾之间的关系仍未得到充分研究.
研究的目的:
- 调查暴露于常见空气污染物和身体残疾发生率在美国老年人中大量代表性队列之间的关联.
主要方法:
- 利用从健康和退休调查 (2000-2016) 获取的关于日常生活活动 (ADL) 障碍的两年期数据.
- 在使用时空模型的参与者住宅中估计了PM2.5,PM10-2.5,NO2和O3的10年平均度.
- 采用时间变化,加权的考克斯模型来评估事故残疾的危险比率,调整为混因素.
主要成果:
- 较高的PM2.5,PM10-2.5和NO2度与ADL残疾风险增加有关,尽管并非所有都达到统计学意义.
- 具体来说,PM10-2.5显示了残疾风险的统计显著增加 (HR为1.05每4.9μg/m3).
- 臭氧 (O3) 暴露与ADL残疾风险降低有关 (HR 0.95 / 3.7 ppb).
结论:
- 空气污染可能是一个被低估的风险因素,导致老年人的身体残疾.
- 这些发现凸显了对涉及的特定污染物和机制的进一步调查的必要性.
- 公共卫生战略可能需要考虑空气质量作为促进健康衰老的因素.
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