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产前和产后代谢蛋白质供应:I. 对过渡期奶牛的料摄入量,哺乳性能和代谢标志物的影响

T A Westhoff¹, T R Overton², J N Tikofsky³

¹Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853.

Journal of dairy science

|September 29, 2024

概括

在早期哺乳期增加饮食代谢蛋白 (MP) 供应,改善了奶牛的奶产,而不会增加代谢疾病的风险. 这种策略通过优化营养平衡来支持更好的哺乳性能.

科学领域:

动物科学动物科学
乳制品营养乳制品营养
动物生理学动物生理学

背景情况:

乳牛早期的哺乳期是营养需求很高的时期,通常会导致负能量平衡.
代谢性蛋白质 (MP) 供应是影响过渡期母牛乳生产和代谢健康的关键因素.
优化产前和产后的MP水平可能会减轻代谢障碍并提高表现.

研究的目的:

评估在分娩前期,分娩后期或两次养期间增加的MP供应对乳牛表现的影响.
评估MP补充剂对干物质摄入量 (DMI),牛奶产量和牛奶成分的影响.
研究MP水平对关键血代谢指标的影响,包括葡萄糖,非化脂肪酸 (NEFA),β-基酸 (BHB) 和血尿素 (PUN).

主要方法:

96只多生母牛被分配到四个治疗组,根据产前和产后的MP水平 (控制-控制,控制-高,高控制,高高).
在分娩前 (28天前) 和分娩后 (0-21 DIM) 期间,制定饮食以满足特定的MP度 (g/kg DM).
在整个研究期间 (高达42 DIM) 监测了牛奶产量,DMI,牛奶成分和血代谢物.

主要成果:

与对照组相比,在早期 (1-21 DIM) 和中期 (22-42 DIM) 哺乳期 (CH和HH组) 中,在产后高MP饮食中养的母牛的奶产显著增加.
干物摄入量,牛奶蛋白,脂肪和总固体度没有受到饮食MP治疗的显著影响.
产后MP供应增加 (CH和HH) 增加了血PUN和BHB度,但没有改变NEFA水平或超血事件的发生率.

结论:

在早期哺乳期 (产后) 补充MP有效提高奶牛的牛奶产量.
在产后养高MP饮食,特别是与适当的产前营养相结合,可以改善哺乳性能,而不会影响干物质摄入量或增加代谢疾病风险.
这些发现支持产后饮食的战略制定,以解决潜在的MP赤字,并优化乳牛在早期哺乳期的生产力.

关键词:

氨基酸是氨基酸中的一种.可以代谢的蛋白质代谢.牛奶生产牛奶生产过渡时期的牛过渡期的牛

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